There are many. By defining what kind of wood varnish is better to choose, repel from the purpose of the material being processed and the conditions in which they will be operated.
Alkyd varnishes
Wooden varnishes with alkyd compositions are used to process wood indoors and outside. According to the characteristics of the strength, this type of varnish is one of the best. Wood coating is obtained solid and reliably protects wood from moisture. Lacques racks to the effects of ultraviolet rays. There are small disadvantages: lacquered long, at least three days. Additional additives in the composition of alkyd varnishes can reduce drying time to day.
Another kind of alkyd varnishes - means with additives of the urethane group. Such varnishes suck much faster - up to 12 hours, while the characteristics of the strength of the coating itself are increased at times.
Oil varnishes
Oil varnishes are also often used when treating wood indoors. Such means are presented in several shades: from pale yellow to intense brown. From the selected shade of varnish will depend on the final appearance of the processed product.
The composition of this type of varnishes will be varied in fatty indicators. Fatty varnishes and varnishes of medium fatty easily and well lay on the surface and, in addition to the decorative effect, serve as protection for the surface. Lucky with a small percentage of fatty, up to 55%, serve exclusively for aesthetic treatment of wood.
Acrylic varnishes on water based
The choice of acrylic varnish for a tree - the lot of supporters of ecology. The material is safe from this point of view, it does not smell, gives refractory properties treated wood. These varnishes are used to finish the premises inside and outside. They preserve the texture of the tree, while do not give yellow as varnishes of other species. Usually in stores presents a whole line of varnishes that have different degrees of shine. These funds are not recommended for premises with large patency and in constant, and even more high humidity. Ultraviolet rays have no significant impact on varnish. He dries acrylic varnish for a long time, for full film formation, it takes about 2 weeks.
Nitrolac
This type of varnishes is used for different types of wood, but mainly to work indoors, since there is no resistance to the effects of ultraviolet rays. In wet premises, nitrolics are also not used. In other cases, they are good, as they quickly penetrate the wood, provide reliable protection and dry very quickly, throughout the clock pair. It is necessary to apply nitrolac in the respirator, as it consists of solvents with a high degree of toxicity.
Polyurethane varnish
Very often, varnishes with polyurethane composition are used to finish outside the premises. The most famous type of this varnish is yacht. It is resistant to moisture, wear-resistant, withstands high permeability. The surface of the wood after a polyurethane varnish coating is usually glossy. Also, often this agent is used for processing furniture, and for floor coverings, and even small interior items.
Natural wood is associated with warmth, comfort and eco-friendly lifestyle - and how is it possible to create a favorable atmosphere in the house. Each breed has its own unique color and drawing, so additional decorations are not required for walls with wood trim. Only good defense.
In this section, you can choose modern means for varnishing wooden walls and panels that will help for a long time to preserve their natural beauty.
So you're going to lacine wooden walls
Varnish for the walls of Tikkurila creates a durable layer protecting the surface from moisture, dirt and damage. All tools differ in the degree of gloss and approval guidelines. How to choose the desired?
Traditional varnishes of the family are perfectly suitable for varnishing walls of dry premises. For new, previously not processed walls, it is recommended with antifungal components. For light wood breeds, use a special varnish.
Designed to protect previously uncovered wooden panels, lining, boards and logs. It is available in two degrees of shine and gives the surface of water and dirt-repellent properties, protect it from mold. Lucky families can also be used for walls. They are diluted with water and are not yellow with time, and their residues will be useful for the varnishing of furniture.
Wooden varnish - what can it have to be? How to choose it right? What is the first to pay attention to, buying a tree lacquer? It is these questions that the consumer is always asked before purchasing paintwork material (LKM). In fact, the choice of choice is not so complicated, as it will seem at first glance, despite the fact that this product on the construction market is very and very much. It is very important when you buy the specifics and properties of the object or the surface planned to be covered with varnish. You can not go to the first shop and buy a lacquer for a tree that will arrange at a price or in color, and not to take into account the technical characteristics of this LKM.
Painting of wooden items indoors are necessary to protect them from fungal formations, mold, insects or as an option for decorating, restoration of household items. Outdoor painting primarily serves to give the tone, frostedness or, on the contrary, shine facade and other surfaces outdoors. Any, including acrylic, wood varnish is selected taking into account texture, properties and characteristics of the tree of wood. Varked surfaces are needed in several layers. And in cases where the breed is too porous or has many scratches and small cracks, pre-primer is required and spit. The degree of load on the subject or surface plays a very important role, therefore, choosing material, it should be considered first.
What you need to navigate, or the criteria for choosing varnishes
Wooden varnish is used for processing and protecting wood from various damage and putrefactive processes. It happens for internal works and external. They are very different in composition, technical specifications, properties and scope of application. Therefore, before buying a varnish for wooden surfaces or items, at least in general terms understand what is still suitable in a particular case. Having come to the construction store for varnish, do not be lazy to read the annotation and the conditions for applying the composition, which give preference, ask if it is responsible for your selection criteria.
Varnish for internal or external work
Think where you will use it. If indoors, you need to buy lacquer for internal works. If you are planning to lacquer the facade from the street or an object that is outside the house, then you need a wood lacquer for outdoor work. Otherwise, if you choose the LKM for internal works and process them the street item, the lacquered surface will simply obstruct or crack.
Wear resistance
For example, you need high-quality parquet varnish. Requirements for wear-resistant in this case must necessarily be taken into account. Pay attention to the lineup of two-component varnishes on a polyurethane basis is the most suitable paint material for parquet. It has a high expocutory of wear resistance, that is, this composition is resistant to erasing. Also for the parquet you can buy water varnish for wood - it is suitable for treating genital surfaces, creates reliable and durable coatings. It is not recommended to buy nitrocellulosic - it has the lowest wear-resistant coefficient, it will not suit the parquet.
Glossy and matte
The degree of gloss when choosing is also very important if it comes to the interior. Each house has items with the same degree of gloss, so you need to buy lacquer, taking the requirement for the rest of the household or design of the room. This is not obvious, but the degree of glossy coating largely depends on the method of applying to the LKM, on how high-quality surfaces are polished. The column of the substrate also contributes to the degree of gloss. And, of course, it is impossible not to take into account the shade of varnish.
Toxicity
Most paints and varnishes are dangerous for the human body, since solvents are contained: it is nitrolakes, and varnishes on a polyurethane based, and acrylic wood lacquer for outdoor work, and polyester formulations. It follows to work with such materials in special workshops (paint), in a non-residential room, and if there is a need to use them in a residential apartment, then at the time of repair work related to the application of varnish, tenants must leave the house for at least a few days.
Drying speed
How much time will it take to cover the planned surfaces with varnish? There are few people think about it, and in fact, in the middle of a wood lacquer for internal work, it will dry about 6 hours, sometimes the day leaves for complete drying. Therefore, many try to have time to do all work with painting items over the weekend. The most quick-breath is considered a lacquer for wood on a water basis, and the longest-oily - nitroglycerin.
Composit: what it can be
Most inhabitants of our country are known only one-component ready for the use of varnish. After applying this substance to the surface contained in the solvent, only a dry residue remains. Professional varnishes (they are also called wear-resistant) are multicomponent funds. When working with them, you can mix the desired components, for example, add a solvent and hardener. Such a composition has a property to polymerize due to the chemical reactions occurring in it between the substance of varnish and hardener.
Self-loading
It is meant to lacquer for wood. Outdoor self-loading or composition "Soil + varnish". In other words, not all varnishes can immediately apply on wooden surfaces. The criterion of choice, however, is not obvious, but, as practice shows, most varnishes require pre-priming to not be peeled from surfaces and have not formed crater and waves on lacquered surfaces. LKM, which do not require pre-priming, are called self-loading. They can be safely applied to the surface without any fears. It is very convenient when choosing and economically, when you purchase it (you do not need to buy an additionally soil).
Refractory
Finishing the premises of social importance, as well as private shops, firms, companies often have special requirements, fireproof are included in their number. The same requirements apply to paints and varnishes. Just for such purposes, refractory varnishes are made, and to be more accurates, they should specifically be issued by the manufacturer a fire safety certificate. To use such a substance is necessarily the technology specified in the document.
If you are guided by all the above criteria, the choice of the desired paintwork will not be such a difficult task.
Features of paints and varnishes
Any LKM has its own characteristics and specifications. Brief description of the most purchased - listed below.
Polyurethane varnish for wood. Does not yellow in the process of operation, has a high wear of wear resistance. Does not change the initial appearance and texture. Very referring to the temperature regime and humidity: the temperature should be about 22 degrees, humidity - no more than 60%.
Alkyd and oil varnishes. Not so demanding to temperature and humidity, as the previous one. Easy and well applied on the surface, including metal, the ability to penetrate the pores of the wood is good. The only drawback is the low coefficient of wear-resistance.
Acrylic varnishes. Apply when finishing wooden surfaces. Acrylic varnish for wood has a weak smell similar to the smell of wet wood. Wear resistant, racks to cleaning with chemical detergents. Before the painting surfaces, this type of varnish is required to prejudice the surface.
Lucky odorless. On this product line, I would like to stay in more detail. Many people scare paintworks due to the intolerance to the smell of solvents and other components with sharp unpleasant odors, besides harmful to the body. Manufacturers of the paint industry have tried to create paints and varnishes that do not smell completely, and they succeeded.
They produce them on a water basis, therefore solvents in their composition are absolutely. Apply to the processing of wooden surfaces. Produced mainly foreign manufacturers. However, more recently, our domestic companies also managed to create their own odor product. How to use such varnishes? The algorithm for carrying out painting works is no different from the use of ordinary. Apply for priming, and as the main paint material.
Quite often, the usual consumer when choosing paintwork materials for wood places themselves with various issues. What varnish is best to buy? How to choose? What should I pay attention to? However, the choice of a good and suitable varnish with such an abundance of the range in the modern markets of building materials is not such a difficult task. When buying a paint material for wood, it is important to take into account the properties and the specifics of the surface treated. It is impossible, for example, to go just to the market and buy from the first seller of a frost-resistant varnish for outdoor woodwork, without considering the characteristics of this LKM.
Work with a varnish on a tree
Painting of wooden products indoors is required to ensure their protection against the formation and impact of various fungi and mold, injuries insects or for decorating or restoration of wood objects. Outdoor painting is primarily used to impart brilliance or mattiness with wooden facades and other surfaces located outside. Therefore, any varnish of wood, including acrylic, you need to choose taking into account the properties and textures of wood. Surface processing must be performed in several layers. If the wood has greater porosity, small cracks or scratches, it should be preloaded and sharpened. Also, when choosing a paintwork material, it is necessary to take into account the degree of load provided to the processed object or surface.
What should be focused when choosing?
Any wood varnish is designed to provide protection for wood treated from various damage, atmospheric influences and rotting processes. Paintwork materials depending on the technical characteristics, composition, properties and scope of use can be designed both for external and internal types of work. Therefore, before the acquisition, it is necessary to clearly imagine what kind of LKM it is suitable in one way or another. Before you go to the store, you should read the characteristics and conditions for using one or another and whether it is responsible for your needs.
Types of varnishes
Most paints are known for their versatility in relation to wooden surfaces (parquet, doors, railings, steps and much more). If you are interested in a lacquer for a tree without smell, then you should know some of the features of paint materials presented in the modern market.
In external work, frost-resistant, moisture and light-resistant coatings are mainly used. This is due to the fact that only such paints and varnishes are able to provide wood reliable protection against aggressive atmospheric impact. It is strictly not recommended to use for the processing of wooden surfaces outside the premises of the compositions, which, when drying, create an inelastic film. These materials include nitroleki. Also, the LCMs used for external work should contain special antibacterial additives in their composition, allowing to protect the tree from pest insects and prevent the occurrence of putrefactive processes.
Alkyd varnish for a tree. This coating contains alkyd resins and solvent, due to which it is durable, durable and moisture resistant.
Full drying of the treated surface occurs within 72 hours, however, if it is necessary to quickly dry out the layers of the applied layers, then the LKM should be selected, which contains a hardener. In this case, the drying of the coating is reduced to 24 hours.
An alkudy-urethane composition will dry faster. This is possible by adding the components of the Urethane group to the varnish. Such varnishes dried in 12 hours, not yielding by the strength of alkyd LKM.
Oil varnishes. For such compositions, a high concentration of oils, resins and organic solvents is characteristic. A feature of oil compositions is the ability to change the color of wood from a pale yellow to a thick chocolate shade. Nevertheless, similar LX will dry longer. Drying layers, depending on the ambient temperature, can last up to several days.
Nitrolac. This paint material is made from colloxylin, resins, plasticizers and volatile solvents. Nitrolakes are widely used in the execution of finishing works indoors. Since this composition is quick-drying, the time of drying the layers is several hours, and, by the strength, such a coating is not inferior in its strength similar LKM.
When coating, nitrolac creates a transparent and thin protective film on a wooden surface, which reliably closes the pores of wood, which allows, in turn, increase the water repellent characteristics of the tree. It is worth considering that if you need a varnish completely harmless to health, this kind of paintwork is not suitable for you, due to the content in its composition of toxic solvents. Yes, and the cost of such a composition is not suited.
Attention! Working with nitrolac needs to adhere to security measures and enjoy a special respirator.
Acrylic varnish on a water basis for wood. Such paint materials in their composition do not have organic solvents, due to which they do not have an unpleasant odor, and, therefore, more secure for indoor use. The processing of a wooden surface acrylica makes it possible to increase strength, as well as save the natural color and texture of wood.
Acrylic varnishes have high sensitivity to temperature and humidity drops and for this reason are not very well tolerated wet cleaning.
Epoxy LKM. They differ in that they dry out quite quickly and can be used for work both indoors and outside. This is the most universal paintwork, since it can be used to process almost any types of surfaces.
Polyurethane varnish for wood. For this material, water repellent properties are characterized and high wear resistance. These characteristics made polyurethane lacquer by one of the most frequently used materials for the finishing coating of wooden surfaces, especially the valuable wood rocks.
Yacht varnish. It is considered the most durable among the coatings presented above. The protective composition of the yacht varnish is highly resistant to the destructive effects of salt seawater and received its name due to widespread use when processing wooden boats and yachts. In this semiam coating, it is impossible to be better combined elasticity and hardness. Laches has high resistance to aggressive environmental impact, temperature drops and virtually any cleaning and detergent.
Proper work with LKM
Mainly for the processing of a plane or parquet board, use special odor paint, nevertheless, some experts recommend using lacquer for wooden surfaces for these purposes. In order to qualitatively perform the varnishing of wooden products, pay attention to the simple manual below.
Preparation of the surface. If the surface that needs to be processed before was not lacquered, it should be carefully treated before applying the coating. In the presence of an old lacquer coating, you just need to apply a new layer of varnish from above. The treatment of a wooden surface before lacquering is a thorough grinding of wood. After grinding from the surface, it is necessary to remove dust, best of all the vacuum cleaner, and you can move to the next step.
Varnish. Application of varnish on a purified wooden surface is performed by brush, roller or painting sprout. Quite often, after processing, light wood darkens, but a dark, on the contrary, yellowing or red. As a rule, such a change in the color of the tree occurs immediately after applying varnish. Therefore, it is worth finding out the properties of the composition used in advance.
Different wood has its own hardness, which determines, in turn, the required number of coating layers. Soft rocks, such as pine or ate, requires 3-4 layers of varnish, and more solid wood enough and two. In the event that an alkyd composition is used, then 10% White Spirit should be added to apply a first layer.
Consumption for 1m²
And the last, but not significance, the question is what varnish consumption for 1m². We will call the main criteria affecting directly on the consumption of the composition of the tree.
- Wood. A wooden surface with deep pores requires a greater amount of material than fine wood wood.
- The quality of grinding. More qualitatively grained wood needs fewer material.
- Viscosity. The thick lacquer, the greater the cost of 1m². For this reason, solvent or water is added to the lacquer for applying the first layers if the LKM is used on a water basis.
- Method of application. The lowest consumption of varnish when using collapse. More required material when working with a brush or roller.
The average moiety of varnish is 1 l / 8-10 m², and when applied the second and subsequent layers less - 1l / 10-12 m². Nevertheless, it is necessary to take into account all the above criteria.
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Often, a special wood material is used as finishing indoors. The lining is natural, environmentally friendly material. It has wonderful characteristics and, moreover, it looks perfectly. It is often used to finish a veranda, loggias and simple balconies. Therefore, special requirements are presented to the material.
After all, a tree is "alive" natural material, susceptible to aging. It is afraid of high humidity, a sharp change of temperature, various biological pests. Under bright sunlight, unique wood qualities are rapidly lost.
How to cover the floor, lining, staircase, OSB in a wooden house?
To protect wood and wooden lining
the surface is covered with varnish, which ensures the safety of the material and its properties.
Those who neglect this processing, in a few years they can detect chips, cracking, scuffs and banal pollution on it.
What advantages is the wooden texture that has been processed?
- Preventing the appearance of mold and rot.
- Resistance to various mechanical damage.
- Protection against sun exposure.
- Increased fireproof
- Aesthetics.
Often, the molding during installation is processed by various compositions of special purpose: olifa, antiseptic, versal. The initial type of material varies somewhat. Covering the lining on top of the lacquer refreshes it and enlisters.
Choosing a suitable means
Types of varnish
How and how to cover the tree?
Before proceeding to work on the application of varnish, it is first better to familiarize themselves with their varieties.
The most popular are the following types:
- water-soluble;
- alkyd;
- polyurethane;
- acrylic.
Representatives of all these groups can be used for interior finishing works: they do not distinguish harmful toxic evaporation and harmless to health. What are the features and operational characteristics of these funds?
Water soluble
Water soluble
For varnishes made on a water basis, the absence of unpleasant odor is characteristic and quite fast complete drying. They are completely non-toxic, so that the color of the lining indoors can be performed without the use of protective agents.
Do not even need a respirator. Use similar compositions for processing a wooden surface exclusively indoors.
All water-based formulations have a polyurethane or acrylic basis. They may have a different composition - two-component or one-component.
The latter contains in its composition only one base, two-component, except for it, also hardener. Therefore, the characteristics of the two-component differ in the best indicators made by them the coating is more durable and durable.
Acrylic
These varnishes help the tree perfectly preserve a unique natural texture. They will become an excellent choice for finishing the inner surface of the premises. In addition to improving the aesthetic qualities of the surface being processed, they protect it from harmful effects, including from sunlight. The composition of acrylic varnishes can be somewhat different, so you need to carefully study the instructions.
Following it, the compositions are diluted with ether, alcohol or water. The mixture after applying dries almost instantly. Processed by the acrylic surfaces of the surface, it is not important to excess moisture, so if contaminants appear, it is better to refrain from trying to wash them off with water. For the same reason, a acrylic basis is not very suitable for use, for example, in the kitchen, where usually humidity is increased.
Alkyd
Possess almost all the characteristics of the previous ones, but plus it is not yet afraid of high humidity, and even moisture itself. Therefore, the surface treated with them can be washed without fears.
The possibility of washing with water is very relevant, especially in the presence of children or pets.
The alkyd varnish coating is distinguished by increased strength, protecting the tree, even from significant mechanical effects: it prevents the appearance of scratches, chips and other damage.
It is remarkably used as a lacquer for doors. The disadvantages of this drug are considered an unpleasant odor when used, as well as a long time required for its complete drying. It requires at least two days. But this deficiency is easy to eliminate, adding a specially produced hardener into it.
Polyurethane
Polyurethane is often used for parquet
The advantages of this group of varnishes is difficult to overestimate.
They not only protect the material from aging and harmful effects, giving it a spectacular appearance.
They allow him to acquire completely unique qualities, absolutely not characteristic of capricious natural material:
- high resistance to the effects of UFO;
- increased resistance to moisture;
- resistance to the action of such aggressive agents as alkali.
The wonderful characteristics of the drug determine the corresponding cost.
The price of a group of polyurethane varnishes is noticeably higher than that of other groups. But you can use such a varnish and inside the house, and outside.
Nuances of using varnish
There are important features of the use of water-soluble varnishes, given which you can get a more aesthetic and high-quality result.
- Do not forget to make processing from biocorrosion before lacquering.
- Any type of varnish is best to apply at least two layers. So you can achieve the maximum strength of the protective film on the material.
- When working, the lacquer composition needs regular stirring. So its structure will be more uniform, it will be easier and smoothly falling down.
After the final drying of the first layer, the resulting surface is slightly sandwiched, after which another application is carried out.
The process of applying varnish
How to apply lacquer right? A tree and lining should be well sucked, only after that you can start it with decorative trim. After facing the surfaces, at least five days should pass. There are no special difficulties in the process of applying. The procedure is not at all difficult to perform yourself. But it is desirable to take advantage of the recommendations of experienced professionals.
What will be required for work:
- actually lacquer;
- capacity for it;
- large and small brushes and rollers;
- small sandpaper;
- solvent, gloves, stepladers.
The surface is well cleaned, dust and contamination is cleaned. If there is an old coating, it must be removed. Old varnish is easy enough to remove with soda. Places affected by fungus or mold are processed by disinfecting and bleaching solution. The material needs high-quality grinding. This uses a special grinding machine or ordinary sandpaper.
When all defects are removed, and unevenness are smoothed, a layer of primer is applied to the surface, which fills the wood pores. After its drying, a special composition-antiseptic is used, which contributes to an increase in the life of the wood. This is the so-called concerned layer.
After about a day, no less, you can proceed directly to the coating of the house. It is better to use a brush made from natural bristles for this.
During use, individual hairs fall out of it, it makes it difficult to make the process and worsening the quality of work. Varnish must be signed so that it turned out a homogeneous, uniform mass. Then it will lie down a thin and smooth layer, and the coating will not have non-accurate divorces.
After the final drying of the initial lacquer layer, the surface is slightly sliced. After that, the second, final layer of varnish, which can be colorless is applied.
Wood products and buildings need protection. For this purpose use impregnation, paints, varnishes. With the help of paint, a tree can be given any color, but the opaque coating will hide the drawing. While lacquer allows you to simultaneously protect the wood and emphasize its natural beauty. The choice of varnish is the case responsible, how not to get lost in diversity and pick up exactly what you need?
What are the varnishes for wood
The lacquer is called a tight substance that consists of dissolved resins and polymers - mainly in volatile solvents. If this substance is applied to any surface, the solvent will evaporate, the film will remain - dense and brilliant. Mostly varnish covered wood - one of the most beloved and popular building materials. The problem is that the tree is vulnerable to different external influences, so the varnish coating is necessary, first of all in order to extend the life of wood.
Lucky differ in the degree of gloss and applications: for work inside or outside. Properties of varnish depend on its base. For example, alkyd-carbamide varnishes allow you to create a durable coating, and alkydes - protect wood from moisture. Oil or oil hydrogen varnish will help protect the surfaces on which a large load is accounted for - floors or stairs.
The most popular varieties are parquet varnishes. For wood, acrylic and alkyd, aquatic and oil varnishes are mainly used. Wooden varnish can be bought at any construction store, after having previously studied the range to choose exactly the product you need.
A very important parameter for varnish is its shine. It all depends on which brightness of the light stream is reflected from the surface.
By type of shine distinguish:
- High gloss lacquer for wood (glitter of this means is equal to more than 90%).
- Laca glossy for wood (glitter of this means is from 80 to 90%).
- Lacomantine varnish for wood (glitter of this means is equal to 40 to 50%).
- Polish semi-seamy for wood (glitter of this means is from 10 to 15%).
- Matte lacquer for wood (gloss of this means is less than 10%).
Among other things, today there are tinting varnishes - thanks to the innovation, with the help of coloring, you can change the shade and even color.
Wooden varnish: internal work
Covering a tree with varnish, you not only decorate objects, but also protect them. By themselves, varnishes are able to emphasize the dignity of wood and deepen the texture and color, and it doesn't matter where you use these building materials - whether you have a wooden floor, or the furniture, or the walls.
Specialists distinguish the following wood varnishes designed for internal works:
- Parquet.
- Furniture.
- Universal.
Parquet lacquer
A parquet board, like the parquet itself, needs high-level protection. If they are not protected by varnish, then the coating will last less than a year. In your interest, choose a high-quality tool capable of providing long-term security and simplify care - parquet varnish. This is exactly what you need. In addition, parquet, covered with varnish, looks very rich and beautiful.
Parquet varnishes have a rich assortment - their difference is based on and the effect they create. After the coating is varnished, the surface will be glossy or matte - depending on which means you choose.
Choosing parquet varnish, it is necessary to take into account the fact that you will cover this means. For example, if this is a bedroom, you can buy a varnish "simpler", because in this room there will be much less load on the floor than in the corridor or in the kitchen. In these rooms, it is best to use varnish having additional protection for the surface to which it is applied.
Choosing a varnish must be paid attention to:
- Its technological properties: be sure to consider the consistency and method of application.
- Its appearance: it can be or transparent or have any tip for a tree.
- The degree of its shine: gloss or mattness, in percentage ratio.
Below you read parquet varnish views.
Wooden varnish: primer
These funds are used exclusively for the initial wood covering to enhance its clutch. The primer varnishes help if you need to get a flat shade if it is necessary to isolate wood or that the water residue does not hit the building material.
In addition, thanks to the primer varnishes, you can save, since the finish coating will need much less. True, it is necessary to make a very responsible approach to the choice of primer varnish, as it must be perfect for the finish (main) coating.
Wooden varnish: Water soluble
- Water varnish for wood use most often, because its price-quality is most corresponding to reality.
- Its composition has not only water, but also emulsifiers and solvents. But it is thanks to the water that he slowly dries.
- Water soluble varnishes differ from each other. They either do not contain solvents or the percentage of this substance is about 5% or about 15%.
- The main disadvantage of aquatic varnishes is that they perfectly penetrate all the cracks, which creates additional tallets of the floor. That is why experts advise pre-apply primer - also on water.
- In the aquatic varnishes there is also such a deficiency as very low wear resistance. But it is still possible to increase it - this is done by manufacturers, adding special additives (however, there is another "but" - such materials are applied only with humidity in the room no more than 50%!).
- In addition, anhydrous varnishes can be applied with tassels or sponges - only roller.
- As for the advantages of anhydrous varnishes, they do not have a strong specific smell due to the water content and absolutely not combustible.
Tree varnish: polyurethane
- In anhydrous or polyurethane varnishes, a high level of protection - they tend to withstand high loads.
- In addition, these varnishes have very high adhesive properties.
- Polyurethane varnishes must be carefully interfered, as they are either one-component or two-component.
- As for the basis, a solvent is used to create these funds, as well as either acrylic or uretan.
- Anhydrous varnish dries very quickly - much faster than water.
- During the application or during its drying, varnish must be secure - even a drop of water should be hitting.
- Such varnishes do not require wood primer before applying.
- Polyurethane varnishes are quite elastic.
- Anhydrous varnishes do not need a special room microclimate.
- During operation, they are not afraid of water.
- Currently, polyurethane varnish is the best means for applying to the floor, even in the room there will be a large load on the coating.
Wooden varnish: alkyd
- The basis for alkyd varnishes is natural raw materials - these are oil resins. Most often use linen and wood oils, so such varnishes are deeply penetrated into the wood and high-quality covers the entire surface.
- Alkyd varnishes are rather toxic, as their composition is included in a large concentration such a component like White spirit.
- Thanks to alkyd lacas, the tree structure is highlighted more clearly.
- Alkyd varnishes are able to strengthen the natural beauty of wood.
- Different mechanical loads are well tolerated with varnishes on an oily basis, including: temperature differences and humidity.
- Alkyd varnishes during application do not laugh in all the cracks and do not glue the boards or other subjects.
- Dry alkyd varnish is necessary at low temperatures, since it is very sensitive to high temperatures.
- Alkyd varnishes have low wear resistance.
- These varnishes are applied with a thin layer, it is necessary to strictly follow.
Tree varnish: formaldehyde
- The basis of these varnishes formaldehyde resins, which are dangerous to human health, so apply the substance is necessary in the respirator.
- Such varnishes are the most wear-resistant of all other varnish varnishes.
- Apply formaldehyde varnishes can be immediately as an finishing - without primer.
- Formaldehyde varnishes have a very good clutch with a tree.
- Formaldehyde-based varnishes are perfectly coping with temperature differences and any humidity.
- Formaldehyde varnishes can be applied by any tool: roller, tassel, etc.
- In formaldehyde varnishes, a very sharp smell is the most basic lack of their lack.
- The consistency of formaldehyde varnishes is very thick - it is strongly sticky, so the dies can be glued together.
Select room lacquer difficult? Contact your specialist who can tell you it.
But many advise such an algorithm:
- For a bedroom or children's rooms - water-soluble.
- For the living room, cabinet or balcony - alkyd.
- For the corridor, hallway or kitchen - formaldehyde.
Wooden varnish: furniture
Wooden furniture is very expensive, so specialists advise special attention to the protection of these items - for example, it is necessary to choose a good varnish.
Lacques for furniture will not only create a protective layer, but also emphasize the elegance and structure of the tree.
Today there are such products for furniture:
- Oil varnish for wood.
- Alcohol varnish for wood.
- Alkyd varnish for wood.
- Acrylic varnish for wood.
- Polyurethane varnish for wood.
The most popular and popular last type is polyurethane. It is wear-resistant and shockproof. In addition, this varnish can be used for both internal and external work.
Today, varnish manufacturers are added to polyurethane various additional substances, for example, antioxidants or ultraviolet absorbers. Thanks to high indicators, this tool is applied not only for the lacquering of furniture, but also for a wide variety of surfaces.
Plus polyurethane varnishes in the fact that they are harmless. In addition, environmentally safe. And yet - they are really transparent and do not have properties over time to yellow.
Wooden varnish: outdoor work
To protect wood, which is on the street and is subjected to various mechanical effects daily, it is necessary to use a special varnish for outdoor work. Such a means has increased protective properties and can protect wood from the external aggression, given all the individual characteristics of the tree.
Varnish for outdoor work Designed for painting:
- facades;
- garden furniture;
- arbor;
- fences;
- wooden flooring;
- terraces;
- beams and lags;
- fraps (including their crowns).
Varnish for outdoor work perfectly protects the tree from moisture and precipitation. Wooden items will serve you for a very long time - it will be enough to apply a protective layer of varnish on them.
And, despite the fact that wood lacquer for outdoor work has a higher price than the one that is created for internal works is still saving, because thanks to such protection you will definitely extend the life of wooden products!
To make items from wood to cover with varnish, it is necessary to observe simple rules:
- Wooden surface pollut.
- If there is paint or varnish on the tree, these layers need to be removed. It is best to do this with the help of sandpaper (minimum 100r).
- If you are painted with a casting varnish, the tree can be opened with a verse.
- After grinding, dust must be carefully mixed.
- Now the primer varnish is applied - so you protect against bubbles and all kinds of visual defects coating.
- Application of varnish.
Varnish can be applied in several ways, the most common - with a roller or tassels.
- Brush. Used when applied in hard-to-reach places and when staining small elements and parts. In order not to leave traces of divorces, use a brush that has a "dissolution" at the ends.
- Roller Applied on large surfaces. Choosing a roller, note that the pile should not be longer than 5 mm.
- Spraying. The best option when the varnish is applied using a compressor and a spacing. This is the best way, as it is economical and allows you to paint even very hard-to-reach places. Thanks to spraying, staining will be very high quality.
Before applying the lacquer, mix it thoroughly, especially if the two-component means you have chosen. This is necessary for the resistance of the lacquer coating.
If you are going to put the lacquer several times on the surface, it is necessary to pass between the layers to be sandpaper (220r) and remove the dust after that.
The lacquer layers depend on what you specifically lacquer: if it is the floor, then three layers are necessary, and if the furniture, there will be enough two layers (in such a calculation includes primer).
After you have closed the surface, you need to wait for a complete drying. There is no single advice here, since it has different producers - the term is listed on the bank, so carefully examine everything that is written on the package.
Varnish for wood. Video
Varnish forms a brilliant film that protects the surface from damage and gives it an elegant look. Most often lacquered wooden surfaces, since the tree is a material subject to abrasion, rotting, fading.
Depending on the chemical composition there are water-soluble, anhydrous polyurethane, alkyd, alkyd-urethane, acrylic-urethane varnishes. Water-based varnishes dried in 4-6 hours, do not have a sharp unpleasant smell, eco-friendly. They are well suited for processing furniture or walls.
Anhydrous polyurethane varnishes have greater wear resistance, so they can be boldly apply on wooden floors.
Alkidic compositions are manufactured using synthetic resins. Before applying, they are diluted with a solvent that has a caustic smell. It will disappear after drying (it will take from 1 to 3 days). Such varnishes form a coating, especially resistant to moisture, vibration, household chemicals and temperature change. Uretteen additive in the composition of alkyd varnish reduces the polymerization process.
Acrylic urethane varnish does not have such an unpleasant odor as an alkyd, but perfectly manifests itself in operation.
In Castorama stores, there are varnishes in aerosol cans. It is convenient to apply on any surfaces: glass, metal, wood or plastic.
Buy varnish and other finishing materials in our hypermarkets!
Often, a special wood material is used as finishing indoors. The lining is natural, environmentally friendly material. It has wonderful characteristics and, moreover, it looks perfectly. Often it is used to finish a veranda, and simple. Therefore, special requirements are presented to the material.
After all, a tree is "alive" natural material, susceptible to aging. It is afraid of high humidity, a sharp change of temperature, various biological pests. Under bright sunlight, unique wood qualities are rapidly lost.
the surface is covered with varnish, which ensures the safety of the material and its properties.
Those who neglect this processing, in a few years they can detect chips, cracking, scuffs and banal pollution on it.
What advantages is the wooden texture that has been processed?
- Prevent appearance and rot.
- Resistance to various mechanical damage.
- Protection against sun exposure.
- Increased fireproof
- Aesthetics.
Often, the molding during installation is processed by various compositions of special purpose: olifa, antiseptic, versal. The initial type of material varies somewhat. The coating on top of the lacquer refreshes it and enlisters.
Choosing a suitable means
Types of varnish How and how to cover the tree?
Before proceeding to work on the application of varnish, it is first better to familiarize themselves with their varieties.
The most popular are the following types:
- water-soluble;
- alkyd;
- polyurethane;
- acrylic.
Representatives of all these groups can be used for interior finishing works: they do not distinguish harmful toxic evaporation and harmless to health. What are the features and operational characteristics of these funds?
Water soluble
Water soluble For varnishes made on a water basis, the absence of unpleasant odor is characteristic and quite fast complete drying. They are completely non-toxic, so that the color of the lining indoors can be performed without the use of protective agents.
Do not even need a respirator. Use similar compositions for the treatment of a wooden surface exclusively.
All water-based formulations have a polyurethane or acrylic basis. They may have a different composition - two-component or one-component.
The latter contains in its composition only one base, two-component, except for it, also hardener. Therefore, the characteristics of the two-component differ in the best indicators made by them the coating is more durable and durable.
Acrylic
These varnishes help the tree perfectly preserve a unique natural texture. They will become an excellent choice for finishing the surface of the premises. In addition to improving the aesthetic qualities of the surface being processed, they protect it from harmful effects, including from sunlight. The composition of acrylic varnishes can be somewhat different, so you need to carefully study the instructions.
Following it, the compositions are diluted with ether, alcohol or water. The mixture after applying dries almost instantly. Processed by the acrylic surfaces of the surface, it is not important to excess moisture, so if contaminants appear, it is better to refrain from trying to wash them off with water. For the same reason, a acrylic basis is not very suitable for use, for example, in the kitchen, where usually humidity is increased.
Alkyd
Possess almost all the characteristics of the previous ones, but plus it is not yet afraid of high humidity, and even moisture itself. Therefore, the surface treated with them can be washed without fears.
The possibility of washing with water is very relevant, especially in the presence of children or pets.
Alkyd varnish coating is distinguished by increased strength, protecting the tree, even from significant mechanical impacts.: It prevents the appearance of scratches, chips and other damage.
It is remarkably used as varnish for. The disadvantages of this drug are considered an unpleasant odor when used, as well as a long time required for its complete drying. It requires at least two days. But this deficiency is easy to eliminate, adding a specially produced hardener into it.
Polyurethane
Polyurethane is often used for parquet The advantages of this group of varnishes is difficult to overestimate.
They not only protect the material from aging and harmful effects, giving it a spectacular appearance.
They allow him to acquire completely unique qualities, absolutely not characteristic of capricious natural material:
- high resistance to the effects of UFO;
- increased resistance to moisture;
- resistance to the action of such aggressive agents as alkali.
The wonderful characteristics of the drug determine the corresponding cost.
The price of a group of polyurethane varnishes is noticeably higher than that of other groups. But you can use such a varnish and inside the house, and outside.
Nuances of using varnish
There are important features of the use of water-soluble varnishes, given which you can get a more aesthetic and high-quality result.
- Do not forget to make processing from biocorrosion before lacquering.
- Any type of varnish is best to apply at least two layers. So you can achieve the maximum strength of the protective film on the material.
- When working, the lacquer composition needs regular stirring. So its structure will be more uniform, it will be easier and smoothly falling down.
finish. After facing the surfaces, at least five days should pass. There are no special difficulties in the process of applying. The procedure is not at all difficult to perform yourself. But it is desirable to take advantage of the recommendations of experienced professionals.
What will be required for work:
- actually lacquer;
- capacity for it;
- large and small brushes and rollers;
- small sandpaper;
- solvent, gloves, stepladers.
The surface is well cleaned, dust and contamination is cleaned. If there is an old coating, it must be removed. Old varnish is easy enough to remove with soda. Places affected, processed by disinfection and bleaching solution. The material needs high-quality grinding. This uses a special grinding machine or ordinary sandpaper.
When all defects are removed, and unevenness are smoothed, a layer of primer is applied to the surface, which fills the wood pores. After its drying, a special composition is used, which contributes to an increase in the life of the wood. This is the so-called concerned layer.
After about a day, no less, you can proceed directly to the coating of the house. It is better to use a brush made from natural bristles for this.
During use, individual hairs fall out of it, it makes it difficult to make the process and worsening the quality of work. Varnish must be signed so that it turned out a homogeneous, uniform mass. Then it will lie down a thin and smooth layer, and the coating will not have non-accurate divorces.
After the final drying of the initial lacquer layer, the surface is slightly sliced. After that, the second, final layer of varnish, which can be colorless is applied.
