Varnish forms a brilliant film that protects the surface from damage and gives it an elegant look. Most often lacquered wooden surfaces, since the tree is a material subject to abrasion, rotting, fading.
Depending on the chemical composition there are water-soluble, anhydrous polyurethane, alkyd, alkyd-urethane, acrylic-urethane varnishes. Water-based varnishes dried in 4-6 hours, do not have a sharp unpleasant smell, eco-friendly. They are well suited for processing furniture or walls.
Anhydrous polyurethane varnishes have greater wear resistance, so they can be boldly apply on wooden floors.
Alkidic compositions are manufactured using synthetic resins. Before applying, they are diluted with a solvent that has a caustic smell. It will disappear after drying (it will take from 1 to 3 days). Such varnishes form a coating, especially resistant to moisture, vibration, household chemicals and temperature change. Uretteen additive in the composition of alkyd varnish reduces the polymerization process.
Acrylic urethane varnish does not have such an unpleasant odor as an alkyd, but perfectly manifests itself in operation.
In Castorama stores, there are varnishes in aerosol cans. It is convenient to apply on any surfaces: glass, metal, wood or plastic.
Buy varnish and other finishing materials in our hypermarkets!
All photos from the article
If you need to protect the wooden structures in the outdoors, then without special compositions do not do. At the same time, the compositions for outdoor work differ from those used indoors, so it is important to understand their varieties and the main features of each option.
This is why this review will be devoted.
Oil-based solutions
This option has several main differences:
- The basis are natural high purification oils, which are thermally processed and give a solution to certain properties. The durability of the coating is largely dependent on the quality of the base, therefore the cost of good-quality options cannot be low.
- The second important component - resins, which can be both natural and synthetic, and in modern products it is most often found precisely the second option.
- After the coating, the surface darkens, the drying time is large enough, so if you are working with your own hands, then pick a day with a low humidity and air temperature above 10 degrees.
The main types of such varnishes are the following:
- Yacht varnish for outdoor wood works are differently called phenol-resin and is used to cover surfaces that will be subjected to constant moisture. The finished coating is extended to be elastic, so it retains integrity when sculpting and drying wood, which are inevitable during the operation of many designs.
- Polyurethane lacquer Also very popular over a number of positive properties: simple instructions for working - you can paint the basis and provide high quality work. The composition dry pretty quickly and creates a solid and abrasion-resistant surface, which, depending on the type, can be matte or glossy.
Solvent-based solutions
Another large group of products that is also used very often.
This option has its own differences:
- The basis of all varnishes is the solvent, as they evaporate the composition of the composition. Drying period is about a day, which is a minus.
- The protective layer has high properties: resistance to abrasion and deformation effects, durability of the coating.
- The surface can be washed using detergents, which is also very important if the elements are subject to pollution.
- In order to change the consistency of the composition or wash off the lacquer and other surfaces, you will need a solvent (its brand is indicated on the packaging with the composition).
- After drying, the material acquires a yellowish tint, which is a disadvantage.
Water-based varnishes
Without a doubt, this is the most popular and demanded option today.
This group of compositions has a number of indisputable advantages:
- The compositions are manufactured based on aqueous dispersion with a small addition of the solvent. Thanks to this, it is possible to carry out work in the premises where people are smell during work practically no, as well as evaporations, harmful to health.
- The colors of a wood lacquer for exterior water-based work can be the most diverse, and this is one of the biggest advantages. You can choose any option that will be combined with the rest of the elements on your site, while the solution, giving the surface the desired shade, does not hide the beauty of the tree structure.
- The water varnish can be made with the addition of various components, the most popular option is an acrylic varnish for outdoor woodwork, it is distinguished by a democratic value and good operational properties and is used to cover various structures that will not be exposed to high loads.
- The second popular solution is varnish based on polyurethane, this component provides excellent abrasion resistance, so such solutions are painted surfaces for which they will go during use.
Tip! There are other options: alkyd, alkyd-urethane, etc. - All of them have their own characteristics that are indicated on the label. Therefore, carefully read the information provided.
Output
It is very important to choose a quality composition, since it depends not only by the appearance of wood products, but also their durability. The video in this article will tell useful information regarding the topic reviewed ().
Often, a special wood material is used as finishing indoors. The lining is natural, environmentally friendly material. It has wonderful characteristics and, moreover, it looks perfectly. Often it is used to finish a veranda, and simple. Therefore, special requirements are presented to the material.
After all, a tree is "alive" natural material, susceptible to aging. It is afraid of high humidity, a sharp change of temperature, various biological pests. Under bright sunlight, unique wood qualities are rapidly lost.
the surface is covered with varnish, which ensures the safety of the material and its properties.
Those who neglect this processing, in a few years they can detect chips, cracking, scuffs and banal pollution on it.
What advantages is the wooden texture that has been processed?
- Prevent appearance and rot.
- Resistance to various mechanical damage.
- Protection against sun exposure.
- Increased fireproof
- Aesthetics.
Often, the molding during installation is processed by various compositions of special purpose: olifa, antiseptic, versal. The initial type of material varies somewhat. The coating on top of the lacquer refreshes it and enlisters.
Choosing a suitable means
Types of varnish How and how to cover the tree?
Before proceeding to work on the application of varnish, it is first better to familiarize themselves with their varieties.
The most popular are the following types:
- water-soluble;
- alkyd;
- polyurethane;
- acrylic.
Representatives of all these groups can be used for interior finishing works: they do not distinguish harmful toxic evaporation and harmless to health. What are the features and operational characteristics of these funds?
Water soluble
Water soluble For varnishes made on a water basis, the absence of unpleasant odor is characteristic and quite fast complete drying. They are completely non-toxic, so that the color of the lining indoors can be performed without the use of protective agents.
Do not even need a respirator. Use similar compositions for the treatment of a wooden surface exclusively.
All water-based formulations have a polyurethane or acrylic basis. They may have a different composition - two-component or one-component.
The latter contains in its composition only one base, two-component, except for it, also hardener. Therefore, the characteristics of the two-component differ in the best indicators made by them the coating is more durable and durable.
Acrylic
These varnishes help the tree perfectly preserve a unique natural texture. They will become an excellent choice for finishing the surface of the premises. In addition to improving the aesthetic qualities of the surface being processed, they protect it from harmful effects, including from sunlight. The composition of acrylic varnishes can be somewhat different, so you need to carefully study the instructions.
Following it, the compositions are diluted with ether, alcohol or water. The mixture after applying dries almost instantly. Processed by the acrylic surfaces of the surface, it is not important to excess moisture, so if contaminants appear, it is better to refrain from trying to wash them off with water. For the same reason, a acrylic basis is not very suitable for use, for example, in the kitchen, where usually humidity is increased.
Alkyd
Possess almost all the characteristics of the previous ones, but plus it is not yet afraid of high humidity, and even moisture itself. Therefore, the surface treated with them can be washed without fears.
The possibility of washing with water is very relevant, especially in the presence of children or pets.
Alkyd varnish coating is distinguished by increased strength, protecting the tree, even from significant mechanical impacts.: It prevents the appearance of scratches, chips and other damage.
It is remarkably used as varnish for. The disadvantages of this drug are considered an unpleasant odor when used, as well as a long time required for its complete drying. It requires at least two days. But this deficiency is easy to eliminate, adding a specially produced hardener into it.
Polyurethane
Polyurethane is often used for parquet The advantages of this group of varnishes is difficult to overestimate.
They not only protect the material from aging and harmful effects, giving it a spectacular appearance.
They allow him to acquire completely unique qualities, absolutely not characteristic of capricious natural material:
- high resistance to the effects of UFO;
- increased resistance to moisture;
- resistance to the action of such aggressive agents as alkali.
The wonderful characteristics of the drug determine the corresponding cost.
The price of a group of polyurethane varnishes is noticeably higher than that of other groups. But you can use such a varnish and inside the house, and outside.
Nuances of using varnish
There are important features of the use of water-soluble varnishes, given which you can get a more aesthetic and high-quality result.
- Do not forget to make processing from biocorrosion before lacquering.
- Any type of varnish is best to apply at least two layers. So you can achieve the maximum strength of the protective film on the material.
- When working, the lacquer composition needs regular stirring. So its structure will be more uniform, it will be easier and smoothly falling down.
finish. After facing the surfaces, at least five days should pass. There are no special difficulties in the process of applying. The procedure is not at all difficult to perform yourself. But it is desirable to take advantage of the recommendations of experienced professionals.
What will be required for work:
- actually lacquer;
- capacity for it;
- large and small brushes and rollers;
- small sandpaper;
- solvent, gloves, stepladers.
The surface is well cleaned, dust and contamination is cleaned. If there is an old coating, it must be removed. Old varnish is easy enough to remove with soda. Places affected, processed by disinfection and bleaching solution. The material needs high-quality grinding. This uses a special grinding machine or ordinary sandpaper.
When all defects are removed, and unevenness are smoothed, a layer of primer is applied to the surface, which fills the wood pores. After its drying, a special composition is used, which contributes to an increase in the life of the wood. This is the so-called concerned layer.
After about a day, no less, you can proceed directly to the coating of the house. It is better to use a brush made from natural bristles for this.
During use, individual hairs fall out of it, it makes it difficult to make the process and worsening the quality of work. Varnish must be signed so that it turned out a homogeneous, uniform mass. Then it will lie down a thin and smooth layer, and the coating will not have non-accurate divorces.
After the final drying of the initial lacquer layer, the surface is slightly sliced. After that, the second, final layer of varnish, which can be colorless is applied.
Over time, many materials lose their original appearance. Wood products and buildings are exposed to external factors and need regular update. To restore wood, it is recommended to apply wood varnish. Unlike paints, it has a transparent texture, which helps to keep the original pattern.
Varnish will give an aesthetic appearance and emphasize natural beauty, and also reliably protect the product from adverse events and prevents its destruction.
Tree coating varnish
The principle of work with a lacquer on a tree is to apply it to the surface. As a result, the solvent, which is part of the substance evaporates and will remain a dense and shiny film. These simple actions will help extend the life of wood.
Of course, a number of preliminary measures must be performed for impeccable results. First, pollute the wooden surface, remove the remains of the old paint or varnish. After grinding, do not forget to remove all the remnants of dust.
Secondly, it is very important to initially apply primer varnish. This will avoid the appearance of bubbles and will prevent the formation of small defects.
Then you can apply lacquer, selecting the desired tonality in advance. Thanks to a wide range of goods presented in the sales market, you can pick up the desired color under the interior of the room.
Nakov species
It is necessary to choose a varnish, taking into account the upcoming works (internal or external) and operational conditions (the level of humidity and temperature).
Consider the following most popular categories of lacquers:
Oil varnish
Oil solutions based on the composition are vegetable oils and resins. It is a wood lacquer, intended for internal work. They are distinguished by the degree of fat content.
Accordingly, the fat remedy, the better the protective layer. A colorless lacquer in this category is greater popularity, as it helps to preserve the natural natural texture of the tree.
Alkyd Lac.
Alkyd varnishes are distinguished by universality in use (designed for internal and external manipulations). They have increased resistance to external adverse conditions, moisture and high (low) temperatures are not afraid. This safe and environmentally friendly product has a relatively low cost.
Alcohol Lac.
Alcohol varnish contains ethyl alcohol and resin. It is used mainly to cover furniture accessories and musical instruments.
Acrylic lacquer
The acrylic varnish for wood does not smell, the composition includes antiseptics designed to combat mold and fungi. It is very convenient for use at the expense of plasticizing additives that allow you to simulate the substance. Presented in a wide range of colors, is environmentally friendly to use.
Water varnish
Water varnish for wood has water, emulsifiers and in some cases solvents (from 5 to 15 percent). Despite the fact that it will dry by much longer than the other means, in demand from buyers by compliance with the price and quality. They are absolutely not combustible.
Polyester lacquer
Polyester based on polyester resin creates a dense, thick glossy, water-resistant film. It is applied solely with a special device.
Polyurethane lacquer
The polyurethane opposite has a sharp smell and is hardening for a long time, but ultimately forms an unconditional protective layer.
Alkud-carbamide varnish
Alkud-carbamide varnish is considered very durable and waterproof due to the acidic hardener, carbamide and resin contained in it. Great for parquet coating as it has a special brilliance.
Conclusion
Famous manufacturers represent a wide selection of assortment of wood varnishes. They are characterized by the type of application (internal or external use), by the type of solvent, taken as the basis and in the degree of gloss.
Thus, the oil varnish will protect the surface from dust and dirt, and alkyd can create a barrier from moisture. Alkud-carbamide are designed to strengthen the surface and create a more durable coating.
When choosing, it is necessary to take into account the gloss of the lacquer. In the sales market, exclusive options are already presented with tinting varnishes. With their help, you can change not only the shade, but also the color of the tree.
To decide where to buy a tree lacquer, you need to visit several building stores, explore the range of each, consult with specialists and find the right product.
The price of a tree varnish will be directly dependent on the operational characteristics of the product and the brand of the manufacturer.
Stock Foto Lacquet for wood
On a tree to protect their surface, to preserve their structure, especially expensive breeds, varnishes are applied. The technological characteristics of wood increase.
A viscous solution that forms a protective film on the surface of the wood - these are varnishes for wood. The coating acquires light or saturated shine.
Variety varnish
Varnish formulations are classified in 3 signs:
- place of use;
- according to the degree of shine;
- by components in the composition.
Combining in groups of use
In order for the protective layer for a long time and efficiently, the varnish material is selected, taking into account the use of the application.
- Varnish on a flooring wood is parquet materials. One of the major groups. The leaders in it are considered: alkyd-polyurethane composition with one component, acrylo-polyurethane. This is universal LM. Applied also on the doors, furniture.
- Thanks to decorative materials, wood obtains decorative characteristics and is protected from exposure to external factors inside the house and beyond.
- It emphasizes the structure of the tree with furniture varnishes in the manufacture of furniture. They, like parquet, apply not only in their sphere.
- Boat formulations apply to the protection of floating funds from wood. The coating moisture resistant, transfers the temperature fluctuate, the effects of aggressive media. They are used to protect the garden furniture, the walls of the house from the glued bar from the street.
Varnish materials on the quality of reflection or degree of gloss
For the quality of reflection, the vapor materials are combined into 4 groups:
- high-gloss coating with a degree of gloss - 80-90%;
- gloss coating with a degree of gloss - 55-75%;
- in semi-man - 40-50%;
- a minor amount of light reflects semiam and matte coatings.
On the container, the manufacturer indicates which surface will be created.
Classification in composition
Drying speed of the lacquer coating, its protective properties determine the components in its composition. The main classification is an association in the group in composition.
- Alkyd varnish materials based on alkyd resins and solvent-organic solvents are in demand. This is a varnish for internal woodwork. It is rarely used for lining a wooden base outdoors. There is a durable, moisture resistant, transparent coating. Its high period of drying (3 days) is called as a lack. To reduce the time, components are introduced - special hardeners. The lacquering material is applied with a roller, automatic or pneumatic paint.
- Alternative variant of alkyd composition - alkyd-urethane. The substance of the urethane group was introduced. Such a change led to a reduction in the drying time of the coating (from 6 to 16 hours). The covering layer has become more wear-resistant.
- Oil compositions consist of vegetable oils, organic solvents, the natural origin of the resin. They are performed primary coating of a wooden base. Its texture becomes colored after the drying of the material: from pale yellow to rich brown. The surface is covered with solid film. Elastic she will be fatty varnishes (60-85%). In addition, electrical insulation properties are added in the protective layer. The compositions are inferior in the atmospheric resistance of alkyd LM. Drying speed fluctuates in a large range.
- Nitrolakes are used on closed areas. This is a mixture of colloxiline varnish, resins, plasticizers, volatile organic solvents. It dries quickly, penetrates the pores of the tree. The coating is laid on the base, durable. Due to the content in the composition of toxic substances with the material you need to work in the respirator.
- An acrylic material includes an environmentally friendly product. It does not smell, does not support burning fire. This is a universal composition, but more often applies with interior finishing works. The elastic covering layer retains the color of the wooden base, its natural texture. Drying speed faster than alkyd material. Although the full drying of the film takes 2 weeks.
- Pastak epoxy composition - this is a facing material for internal works and for open air work, well lies on wood. A durable water-repellent coating is formed, which resistive tolerate mechanical and chemical impact.
- Polyurethane composition is no less in demand. It is characterized by a great resistance to abrasion, confrontation with chemicals, resistance to mechanical damage. The varnishing coating is universal. It is applied to the parquet, musical instruments. To cover the desired effect, the manufacturer's instructions should be clearly performed. This is an important feature when working with the material.
- The basis of alcohol composition - alcohol. Components natural resins dissolve in it. Since the alcohol is characteristic of quickly disappear, and the resins are slowly dissolved, the lacquer is applied multilayer without fear of destroying the preceding layer. The covering layer is polished, durable, but poorly transfers the effect of water.
- A multicomponent polyester LM is applied strictly according to the instructions. A thick solid covering film is formed. She pushes water. The composition is taken as a basis for the production of high quality putty for cars.
Rules for wood varnish for wood
Answers to the list of questions will help to correctly navigate in the choice of the right varnish:
- What characteristics will the tree covering after it processing with lacquer material?
- Are there any skills in painting?
- Where will LM be applied: indoors indoors or outdoors?
- What costs are permissible without prejudice to the family?
Varnish is chosen in most cases based on the preferences of the owners. A priority may be raised by an environmental safety. Then the choice falls on water-based compositions. They have no caustic smell of harmful to health. This coating material for furniture in the children's room. In the workshops for the production of furniture or in private workshops, it does not apply. Since the treated surface acquires mattness.
Newcomers often choose an alkyd composition. It is easily applied, is available at a price, it is easy to wash off White spirit, if there is a need to correct the error in operation.
Polyurethane species is a means for professionals. Durable and durable coating is formed. The composition of the sprayer is applied. Manual connoisseurs are applied to oil furniture with tampons. Wooden surface acquires a respectable view.
Collecting Color Choice
The lacquer coating is applied not only to protect the tree from various kinds of influences, but also to give it the desired shade.
Transparent varnish applies more often than others. Stresses natural wood pattern. Lacques with shades are able to change the type of wood products.
The shades are leading - "Mahagon" and "Walnut." They visually increase the stained object. Luxurious and sophisticated, products treated with black varnish. The composition of the white color will be original and spectacular.
On a wooden surface, one color of the LCM can be molded with different shades. So, the parquet covered with "nut" is overflowing beige, red, black, dark brown tone.
The hosts of private houses often choose tinting compositions. They are processed doors, furniture items, parquet board. This material is not only decorated wood, but also its resistance to mechanical effects increases, resistance to the formation of mold, fungus increases.
