home
Flora and fauna
We read stories and fairy tales for children syllable by syllable. Texts for reading by syllables Learning to read for children 5 6

We read stories and fairy tales for children syllable by syllable. Texts for reading by syllables Learning to read for children 5 6

23.11.2023

Teaching a child to put letters into words, and words into sentences, is not an easy task. On this difficult path, parents will need patience, accuracy and consistency. Today we will answer the main questions: how to teach a child to read syllables without the help of teachers, and what exercises for teaching reading at home are most effective.

Learning to read: is your child ready to learn to read?

According to psychologists, the best age for learning to read is from 4.5 to 6 years. In practice, a child strives to learn to read at the age of 5 years. It is worth remembering that each child is individual in his development, and if you do not meet the generally accepted deadlines, this only means that the learning process should be postponed a little.

There are a number of factors that indicate whether a child is currently ready to master the reading process. Here are the most important of them:

No pronunciation problems– the child has the correct tempo and rhythm of speech, all sounds are delivered;
No hearing problems– the child does not ask again many times, does not distort words that are easy to pronounce;
Sufficient speech proficiency– a rich vocabulary, the ability to construct phrases and express one’s thoughts clearly for others;
Developed phonemic hearing– the child can freely distinguish speech sounds, reproduce heard sounds, name the first/last sound in a word;
Free orientation in space– the child clearly knows the concepts of right/left and top/bottom.

By carefully observing your child, you will notice the moment when he becomes interested in putting letters into words. The child will show familiar symbols on store signs to mom and dad, and one day he will try to read them in full. Of course, in his first attempts, the baby will probably read the word incorrectly, but this is not scary - it indicates that his brain is ripe for learning a new skill.

Known methods for teaching children to read

Methodology	How it works
Training using the Doman method	Global reading – this phrase can describe Doman’s technique. It involves learning to read whole words and is based on the peculiarities of the baby’s brain. The idea is to surround the child with words written on bright cards/posters (“table”, “chair”, “wardrobe”, etc.). Mechanical memory allows a child to remember and retain an accumulating volume of simple words. You can start following the method as early as 5-6 months.
Syllable reading method	A traditional method, which from year to year remains the most popular among parents who want to teach their child to read at home. The child first puts letters into syllables, and then into words. In children over 4.5-5 years old, this method brings quick results. The material is easily reinforced in game tasks. This method of teaching is used in kindergartens and schools, which is a definite plus.
Warehouse reading method	In this technique, the word is not divided into syllables, but sounds are combined into warehouses. For example, the word “cup” will not be read “cup-ka”, but “cha-sh-ka”. The warehouse can consist of one letter, a consonant and a vowel, or a consonant and a hard/soft sign. Despite the fact that the technique is very common, there is a possibility that the child will have to relearn it at school - after all, they use the method of reading by syllables. The habit of splitting words into words can take root, which will subsequently make it difficult to perceive the text and slow down reading.
Zaitsev cubes	The technique helps to master the basics of reading through the perception of syllables. A variety of tables, colorful cubes of different colors with fillers take an active part in visually teaching how to connect letters into syllables. Lessons with the help of Zaitsev's cubes are highly effective during group interaction (in kindergartens, child development centers, etc.). The technique under consideration helps to obtain maximum results in minimal time for those children who find it difficult to sit in one place.

Moms and dads who are trying to teach their child to read as quickly as possible should be very sensitive in their approach to this important issue. To ensure that your child does not lose interest in reading from the first lessons, we invite you to get acquainted with current tips. They will help instill in your child a love of books during the learning process.

Alphabet from an early age

Let the child, from infancy, “absorb” into himself, like a sponge, the names of letters in the form of songs and games. Short, memorable poems about letters will be imprinted in the child’s memory, and by the age of two, the child will be able to quite consciously recite them. From time to time, include various songs and mini-cartoons about the alphabet, especially since in this presentation the letters are memorized effortlessly.

Unobtrusive training

For a preschooler, play is the main process through which he learns about the world around him, including when mastering skills. Boring classes and cramming will not bring the desired result; moreover, the child may completely stop loving reading. Present information in a warm environment, patiently, and the child will learn the necessary knowledge at a pace that suits him specifically.

Exercise every day

If you started to take the first steps in reading syllables, and they were unsuccessful, it’s too early to give up. You can take a break of 1-2 days and then try again. Did your child manage to read a couple of syllables made of vowels? Great, that means initial reading skills have been acquired and need to be developed. Exercise regularly, and the results will not be long in coming.

Get interested in reading

Often, learning difficulties arise with those children who were practically not read to in childhood, and their relatives did not set their own example of reading books. It can be fixed. Stories, fairy tales, and children's fiction that are interesting to your child should appear in your home. Make it a family tradition to read a short work before bed. The baby will not refuse parental attention, and an interesting story will stimulate his interest in the book.

From simple to complex

It happens that a child knows the names of letters, but does not know the sounds. A child will not be able to master reading until he has learned the pronunciation of sounds well. In this case, deal with it step by step:

study sounds;
move on to reading syllables;
teach your child how to merge syllables.

Only after completing these three stages can you begin to learn to read full words.

Detailed video with tips from a teacher - learning to read:

First steps to reading: getting to know the letters

To teach a child to read, it is necessary to maintain an interest in books and letters from an early age. As a rule, at 2-3 years old children begin to show attention to the alphabet. It is very important for parents to provide the right developmental space at this moment.

Visualization

A child will remember the letters quite quickly if a bright poster with the Russian alphabet is in his field of vision. The baby points to the letter - say the corresponding sound. You may have to return to “A” and “B” more than once and repeat them, but this is how your baby will remember them faster. For busy parents, an interactive panel with letters will be a good help - it itself sounds the letter that the child clicks on.

Touch

To memorize the letters of the alphabet, it is important for a child to use his sense of touch. To develop your child's abstract thinking, invite him to get acquainted with letters molded from plasticine or cut out of cardboard. Pay attention to the similarity of objects and letters - the horizontal bar looks like a “P”, and the donut is the spitting image of the letter “O”.

Tea party by letters

The process of learning letters will be very fun and tasty if you offer your child an edible alphabet. Using curly pasta, you can cook Abvgdeyka soup, and for dessert, bake your own homemade alphabet cookies.

Magnetic entertainment

With the help of a magnetic alphabet, you can turn the process of learning letters into a fun and memorable game. For example, 1-2 year old children can be lured by simply attaching a letter to the surface of the refrigerator and saying it. “Give me the letter! What do we have? This is the letter A! If your child is already 3 years old, he will enjoy playing “magnetic fishing.” You need all the magnetic letters in a container, and make an impromptu fishing rod from a stick and string with a magnet. Having caught a “fish”, pronounce its name, drawing an analogy with the word. “This is a fish F! Look how much she looks like a beetle!”

By keys

Children love to imitate the actions of adults. Let your child press buttons in an open text editor to his heart's content - he will be interested in the letters appearing on the screen. Show me how to type the simplest word “mother”. You can print out the first letter and give it to your child. Even if there is a completely unthinkable combination, this will be a kind of impetus for memorizing the alphabet. Also, to master letters, you can give your child an old computer keyboard to “tear to pieces.”

Mastering the principle of reading syllables

Children usually pronounce each sound separately, and this is understandable - it takes them time to remember what the next letter is called. The parents' task is to help the child overcome this natural difficulty.

You need to start the exercises with words consisting only of vowels. For example, AU, IA and UA. For these simple words, you need to draw/choose illustrations - for example, a girl lost in the forest (“AU!”), a baby lying in a cradle (“UA!”), and a cute donkey chewing grass (“EA!”). Ask your child not to read the inscription, but simply to sing it. You can sing slowly, “draw out” the syllable, but don’t stop: AAAAUU, IIIIAAA, UUUAAA.

On a note! Be sure to teach your child to recognize exclamatory and interrogative sentences. Use your voice to highlight the moment of exclamation; the baby should distinguish “Huh?” and “Ah!”

Don’t be afraid to return to what you have covered; continue to teach your child to read the simplest syllables. When the first sound of a syllable is a consonant, it is more difficult for a child to read it. But, nevertheless, you also need to learn to read it, without this you can’t do it at school. Let the child “pull” NNN and then put A, O, or U. The boy gives the girl candy - NNN (“NA!”). The kid is swinging on a horse - NNNO (“BUT!”). The girl took her mother’s hand - MMMA (“MA!”). Please note that the child may “pull” the first sound long enough to remember the next one.

Important! Do not rush your child if he thinks while reading a syllable that is difficult for him - when he gets a feel for the principle of adding syllables, the process of mastering the skill will go much faster.

If the child fails to read the word, then the parent should read it himself, then try to read it again with the child. Then move on to the next syllable. Regardless of success, encourage and praise your little student.

Most primers for children 6-7 years old suggest learning using syllabic tables. They are a list of various syllables that do not have a semantic meaning, but are based on visualized memorization. Example: for the letter “N” the sounds are “NA-NO-NU-NY-NI”, for “M” - “MA-MO-MU-WE-MI”, for “T” - “TA-TO-TU-YOU” -TI”, etc. Of course, such tables have a right to life, but they are not at all interesting to children. It is absolutely not necessary to force a child to read various “VU” and “VA”; it is quite possible to cope without such outdated methodological material.

Advice! A child should not get tired of reading. In the first month, read syllables no more than 3-4 times a week. Let the lessons go not in a row, but every other day. From the second or third month you can teach your child to read daily.

Games to help your child learn to read

Reading skill requires diligence and regular practice. To make learning easier, look at pictures in books, discuss the situations depicted in these pictures, and make up stories based on them. Communicate and talk more with your child - this will help him develop thinking and coherent speech.

To discover the wonderful, interesting and vast world of books, we offer you games for learning syllables, their correct pronunciation and memorization. Exercises in these games are suitable for children from 3 to 7 years old.

Letter learning games	Games for the ability to add syllables	Games to develop reading skills
Together with your child, create images of letters that he can play with. They should be bright and memorable. You can make cards yourself with letters and animals/objects depicted on them (A – STORK, B – DRUM, etc.).	A simple and at the same time interesting game - “Make a Word”. It is based on circles with written syllables and pictures that tell the child what word to form. For example, a picture of a river. The child must choose two circles. On the first circle the syllable is RE, on the second - KA. A picture of porridge: choose circles with the syllables KA and SHA.	Game "Make a word". The child needs to make a word from mixed up syllables and letters. For example: we create a game situation - granddaughter Masha decided to give her grandmother gifts and wrote them down so as not to forget. Suddenly a strong wind blew in and mixed everything up. Let's help Mashenka remember what she wanted to give to her grandmother by making up the correct words from the mixed up syllables and letters.
To memorize letters and sounds, recite short association poems, for example: A-ist A-zbu-ku-became, On A-bus-bus o-poz-dal. The Cat is looking at Kar-tin-ku, On Kar-tin-ke, the Whale floats. O-slick sees O-bla-ka, O-fucks them re-ka.	Game “Find the hidden word”. You need to lay out a path of different words in front of your child. The reader's task is to choose what you wished for. For example, among the words: “cat, swing, chair, carrot,” find a “living” word - animal, vegetable, piece of furniture, children's entertainment.	Game exercise “Read quickly.” The child should pronounce the words as quickly as possible: – soap, soap, soap, milk, soap; – cheese, cheese, cheese, peace, cheese; - saw, saw, saw, linden, saw; – salt, salt, salt, sel, salt; – river, river, hand, river, hand.
With your child, construct letters from available materials - pencils, matches, counting sticks or salt dough.	The game “Word in Word” is very interesting for children aged 5-6 years. You need to find a smaller word in a larger word, for example E-LEK-TRO-STAN-CI-YA: CAT, NOSE, THRONE, etc.	Game "Name What You See". The point of the game is that the child must name everything that he sees around him with a certain letter. You can also name animals (CAT, RAT, RABBIT), toys (BALL, CAR), or the names of cartoon characters (CARLSON, KROSH) by a certain letter.
Create a coloring book where a specific letter will live on each page. For letters, you can draw a house, or decorate the letter with a design starting with it (A-ASTRA, B-BEREG, etc.).	Game “Make a syllable from halves.” To play, you need to write different syllables on cardboard cards, cut them in half horizontally, then mix them. The child's task is to collect the cards and read the syllables written on them.	Game exercise “Guess what is wrong.” The child is asked to look at a picture with a misspelled word underneath it. The task is to read the word syllable by syllable, find the error and replace it with the correct letter (for example, KO-RO-VA and KO-RO-NA)
To study letters, you can use board games - dominoes, alphabet lotto. A parent can make a lotto with letters on their own. To make it, you will need 8 cardboard cards with written letters, as well as small pictures with letters that the child will name to search on the cards.	Walking games are a good way to help you understand the principle of reading syllables. You can purchase such games or make them yourself, using ready-made walking games as a basis. You need to write various syllables in the empty cells. You need to move the chip along them. During the game, the child throws the dice. The baby must read the syllables that come his way. The process can result in audio tracks consisting of 4-6 syllables. The winner of the game is the one who reads all the syllables faster and gets to the finish line.	Game exercise “What’s in the plate.” Before eating, ask your child to say syllable by syllable which food is in front of him. Help pronounce words with a large number of syllables, while setting the pace of pronunciation (KA-SHA, MO-LO-KO, PU-RE, OV-SYAN-KA). One of the interesting variants of this game could be the game of “cook”. The child’s task is to create a menu for lunch using words starting with the chosen letter, for example “M”. If there are not enough words for one letter, then you can offer to find products in the refrigerator that begin with 2 letters, etc.

Note! How to quickly teach a child to read so that he does not get tired of the learning process and does not lose interest? You need to work with him regularly, but at the same time not for long. For the first lessons, 5-7 minutes will be enough. Gradually this time can be increased to 15-20 minutes. If you conduct classes in a playful way, it will be easy and not boring for your child to learn the skill of reading.

Exercises with words: strengthening the skill

As soon as the child learns to merge letters into syllables, parents can be congratulated for being halfway through the journey. Now the most important thing is to consolidate the acquired skill. In this case, fun and interesting tasks will be used.

What to play	What to do
Who eats what?	Write the names of the animals in the column: CAT, KO-RO-VA, SO-BA-KA, BEL-KA, RABBIT, MOUSE. And to the right and left of the words, draw pictures: fish, grass, bone, nut, carrot, cheese. The child’s task is to read the word and “feed” each pet with the right food using the arrows.
Who's the odd one out?	Write a few words in a column: GRU-SHA, YAB-LO-KO, A-NA-US, PO-MI-DOR. Ask your child to cross out the extra word, and be sure to explain his choice. This way you can play with the names of vegetables, clothes/shoes, flowers, trees, birds, etc.
Big and small	Write the words DE-RE-VO, GO-RA, GRU-ZO-VIK, ZHI-RAF, I-GO-DA, DROP-LA, BU-SI-NA at the top of the sheet. Below, draw two pictures - a house (big) and a chicken (small). Let the child read the words, determine which ones are big and small, and connect them with lines to the matching pictures (a berry, a drop and a bead for a chicken, the rest of the words for a house). In a similar way, words can be divided into sweet and sour, heavy and light, etc.
Who lives where?	Write down the names of wild and domestic animals mixed together: WOLF, ELK, LI-SA, KA-BAN, KO-RO-VA, KO-ZA, CAT, SO-BA-KA, HEDGEHOG. Under the words, draw a forest on one side, and a village hut with a fence on the other. Let the child read the words and use arrows to depict where each of the animals lives.

Forming the habit of reading books from infancy

At the beginning of this part, we advise you to familiarize yourself with the experience of your mother. How to teach a child to read syllables (video):

Personal example

“A child learns from what he sees in his home.” The well-known expression comes in handy when developing a child’s understanding of the importance of reading. If the baby often sees his parents and relatives with a book, then reading will become a part of his life. Let your child know from an early age that reading is interesting, and a good book can easily replace a computer game or watching a cartoon.

Vivid illustrations

When choosing a book to start reading, do not forget that pictures are important for children. Thanks to expressive, bright drawings, following the plot will be easier and more interesting for the child.

Regular reading

A love for books does not develop overnight. If an adult regularly reads short fairy tales aloud to a child, after a month or two the child himself will show more interest in the works. The first words you read are often those on the cover of your favorite book.

Possibility of choice

The child should be interested in what you plan to read with him. Already at 4 years old, a little reader is able to determine how interesting a particular book is to him. At this age, it’s time for the first trip to the library - let your child choose a book according to his own desires.

TV viewing restrictions

Reading, of course, requires certain intellectual efforts from the child. The same cannot be said about television - it literally takes away the opportunity to dream up, providing ready-made images. You shouldn’t completely deprive yourself of watching cartoons, but it makes sense to limit the time you spend behind the screen and strictly select the permitted TV programs.

Russian Language Day, also known as Pushkin Day, is celebrated more often by adults and schoolchildren involved in the subject. This applies to kids less often, and in vain: after all, they have to learn Russian for the longest time. We suggest that you don’t put it on hold and start showing educational cartoons to your little ones - they are most likely already watching TV anyway, and with these fun, easy-to-understand videos they will be able to remember the letters faster and better.

Let us remind you that we have a general selection of educational cartoons for kids, and now here is a review of popular videos on YouTube, where they will try to teach your children to read and write in an advanced modern format.

Educational cartoons: Talking ABC

Let's start with the basics - with the alphabet. Here, plasticine letters turn into animals, make sounds corresponding to the type and transform further according to the alphabet. All the names are pronounced (more than once), the animals look extremely cute, friendly and in the good traditions of plasticine cartoons. They also have an application for tablets and phones - for those who want to press the buttons themselves.

17 minutes of educational joy for children 3−6 years old.

The authors of this video (channel “Mizyaka-Dizyaka”, name from the creators of “Abuuuv!” and “Azyabatska”) know firsthand about the benefits of associations. Their speaking letters are maximally supported by images and sounds, where near the “D” there is a woodpecker who is pecking and smoke, and “Y” sparkles with New Year’s garlands.

5 minutes of doing their own visual business of letters for the little ones. You will find other educational cartoons of the channel link.

Source: Mizyaka Dyzyaka

Cartoon Russian alphabet from, A to Z from Auntie Owl

Let's say right away that there are a lot of similar videos - with Fixies, Barboskin , Smeshariki and other cartoon characters to suit the child's taste. And this is not exactly a cartoon - rather a cross between a video tutorial and the fashionable genre of “opening kinder surprises” today. Here, after reading the words, the kids are actually teased with an egg being opened with a toy inside, and they also burst balloons in hopes of children’s delight, recite game lines from the characters, and perform other typical actions designed to get a large number of views from young viewers. And yet they really teach you to read words here - syllable by syllable, slowly, methodically and intelligibly.

32 minutes for children 1−7 years old (why waste time on trifles, really!).

Source: KapitoshkaTV

Two funny pencils and their assistant “Lisa the Scissors” in an exciting word reading blockbuster. By letters, syllables, in whole, with pictures, educational facts and a combination of different animation styles. The channel is seriously aimed at teaching children to read, there is even Video instruction about how to work with their cartoons. Extremely detailed and clear. Well, there are similar lessons on the channel whole series- just as bright and favorably distinguished by a reduced level of “lisping” with the target audience.

6 minutes for those who want to teach reading to children from 3 years old.

Surely you are familiar with such stylish Soviet cartoons as “Wow, a talking fish!”, “In the blue sea, in white foam” and “Look, Maslenitsa!” Their author is the famous Armenian director Robert Sahakyants, who continues to create animation today. For the little ones. His “Learning to Read” is a large cartoon with a recognizable style, strange animals and a visual educational element. It's definitely worth mentioning as well "ABC for kids". The big-lipped face on the monitor screen may remind you a little of that same talking fish, but that’s even better, isn’t it?

45 minutes (we said that this is a full-fledged cartoon), recommended for viewers from 3 years old.

Source: GetMovies

Learning Russian with Piggy

Combine the legendary “Good night, kids!” with Russian lessons - a simple but effective idea. Khryusha, Filya, Stepashka and the presenter on duty are trying to turn their studies into a fun, exciting game, and for fans of the original series, such training can really become a useful and organically perceived help.

10 minutes for those running to the screen to the sounds of “Tired toys are sleeping” of any age. You will find more training videos with Piggy link.

.:: 21.08.2015

The entire process of teaching a child to read can be reduced to several stages that must be performed sequentially. It is the consistency and regularity of classes that is the key to success.

There are many teaching methods, we will not consider each of them, but will present our own. All training consists of three stages:

Stage 1 - learn letters, read sounds
Stage 2 - learn syllables, read words
Stage 3 read books broken down by syllables

Learning letters and sounds

First, do not burden your child with unnecessary knowledge. All he needs to know is that we hear and pronounce sounds, and see and write letters.

The sounds are vowels and consonants.

We can pronounce vowels by simply opening our mouth without a tongue - demonstrate. Vowel sounds can be sung - demonstrate.

When pronouncing consonant sounds, the entire mouth works. Show how the tongue works: L, R, N, K, T. And how the lips fold: P, M, Ш, Ш, how the teeth work: V, F. Disassemble each letter.

Explain that each sound is represented by a letter and that it can be written - demonstrate.

At this stage, the child must determine what sound any word begins with.

Now that we've sorted out the pronunciation of sounds, let's move on to letters. How they are written.

First, let's look at all the vowels. It is advisable to highlight vowel letters in red and any consonants. At this stage, the child does not need to recognize hard and soft, write in green or blue, it is best to write those who agree in neutral black or brown.

It is very convenient to use cubes for memorizing letters. Moreover, they can be in two versions - wooden cubes, on which only letters are drawn, vowels in red, consonants in green and blue, and plastic cubes with pictures glued on.

I strongly recommend that you carefully select cubes with pictures. Sometimes the pictures depict not one object, but several (a needle and thread), or one, but with many details: the letter I has an anchor and a ship in the background. Or, for example, the cubes often contain the letter Ш and a pike, while a child of this age has associations only with fish. It’s more correct to draw a brush - it’s clearer.

Some mothers are upset that the child cannot learn letters, and do not realize that the baby is a mess in his head. That's why. Let's take the word WATERMELON - the simplest one, which starts with the letter A. Now pronounce it with emphasis - you will clearly hear the emphasis on the syllable BU. They are the ones that are “imprinted” on the child’s head.

Therefore, when teaching your child letters, choose those words where the sound or vowel letter being studied is stressed! This is very important, but for some reason no attention is paid to it in any methodology. Think like a child, not a parent - a teacher.

we learn the letter A - instead of Watermelon there should be a Stork
learning the letter M, instead of Typewriter - T-shirt
learn K - Horse, not Cow
teach N - Nose, not Rhinoceros
we teach O - Autumn, Cloud, but not Window or Wasp

It is difficult for a child at this age to understand that we pronounce “Akno” and “Asa”, but words starting with the letter O are the rules of the Russian language. Only when the child remembers sounds in words where they are stressed, can you look for these letters in words that are not stressed.

Important: all cubes, alphabets, magnetic sets and other materials used for learning must be chosen more carefully.

Important: if your child has difficulty perceiving letters and sounds, do not learn the entire alphabet, but first learn only the basic ones: A, O, U, Y, E. Of the consonants M, L, P, B, D.

Some methods suggest studying only voiced consonants first, and leaving voiceless and hissing consonants for later. It seems right, but we forget about the individual approach. For a child, it is faster to perceive the information that surrounds him on a subconscious level throughout the day. If the boy’s name is Shurik, his father’s name is Zhora, his grandmother’s name is Tanya, then the sounds and letters T, Sh, Zh need to be taught on the same basis as M for mother, B for woman.

Important: do not confuse your child; if you teach sounds, make one sound - not ME and not EM, but “M”. If your child is confused, think about how easy it is to understand the information you are trying to teach him.

Learning syllables

We learn syllables with each vowel letter separately. 2-3 days for each vowel. Technique:

The adult reads and the child repeats.
We read the syllable together.
The child reads all the syllables in order.
The adult shows the syllables in sequence, the child reads so that simple words are obtained: DA-SHA, MA-SHA...
A sheet with consonants is added. The adult shows, the child reads: YES-R, SHA-R, PA-R...
After practicing syllables with one vowel, those previously covered are added. The adult shows the syllables, the child reads: WE-LA, RA-WE, MA-LY-SH.
We use game forms:

a) the child seems to be saving enchanted toys (dolls, soldiers). For every word read, one toy is saved.

b) the child reads one syllable, the adult shows another to form a word, the child reads the second part of the word.

c) a more complex option - on the contrary: the adult shows and reads the first syllable, and the child selects the second.

Syllables with a fixed vowel

One of the most effective methods of teaching reading is when the child is shown syllables in which the vowel is the same and the consonant changes. For example, the method of Sergei and Olga Fedin begins to teach reading syllables from this stage.

Write out or print out the syllables in close-up:

We read line by line until the child does it confidently. Then we read the same syllables in columns. When the entire table is fluently mastered, move on to syllables with more complex vowels E, Yo, Ya, Yu:

Syllables with first vowel

Only after the child has mastered reading syllables where the first letter is a consonant, proceed to reading syllables where the first letter is a vowel.

Important: Zhukov’s famous primer teaches in a different order - there the child learns the letter and immediately the syllables with it, where the first and second consonant are. Then move on to the next letter. Offer your child an ABC book, if he understands it, great, this technique is for you. If Zhukov “does not go”, put him aside and do not try to read “reverse” syllables (starting with a vowel).

If your child gets confused and reads VU instead of HC or NA instead of AN, calmly correct him. Read also line by line, then, when you master it, by column.

Reading skills are developed through systematic practice; stop practicing as soon as you see that the child has become distracted. At first, he may sit with you, repeating syllables, for five minutes or a little more. The optimal duration of classes is 10-15 minutes daily. For a 4-year-old child, even 20 minutes is a very long time. 20 minutes are allocated for activities that do not require serious stress - modeling, social studies, educational games or cartoons.

Important: if your son or daughter cannot read certain syllables, perhaps due to the fact that he does not pronounce certain sounds (L, R or sibilants), do not use them in reading until he can read those syllables fluently which are easier for him.

Reading simple words

When the syllables are mastered, you can move on to reading words. The simplest ones, consisting of three letters:

It will be better if the words are familiar to children. For example, the words TYUK or PIR would be good to know to expand your vocabulary, but not necessary. When learning to read, the less extraneous information and distractions, the easier it is to learn. All children are different, some pick it up on the fly, but for others it’s serious work. The mother should be sensitive and sense how tense the child is.

The order of reading words by syllables is as follows:

Reading three letter words
Reading simple words of two syllables,
Reading words of three or more syllables,
Reading simple sentences
Reading short stories (several connected sentences) or poetry.

Important: after your child learns to read simple words, do not immediately move on to large texts. The result is important for the child, he must understand the meaning of what he read, it is like a reward for his work: he read, made some discovery, learned a story. But children 4-5 years old learn information better while reading, consisting of 4-5 sentences. Reading is not at all the same as listening.

If you have a long tale in front of you, read in paragraphs. After each one, stop and analyze the meaning of what you read.

Reading books broken down by syllables

There are many good books from the “my first books” series, good texts in Zhukov’s ABC book.

Texts should be simple, easy to understand and free of blunders, absurdities and nonsense. Remember that the information from the book will certainly be remembered and stored in memory.

Before purchasing syllable-by-syllable books, skim through to make sure the text is age-appropriate for your child.

High-quality literature for children from the “Read by Syllables” series is marked with a note indicating what age it is intended for. For children 3 years old - these are poems in two sentences, for 4 years old - poems and short fairy tales, such as “The Ryaba Hen”, “Turnip”, “Kolobok”, “Masha and the Bears”. For children 5 years old, short fairy tales and stories.

Olga Grishanova (teacher)

As a child grows up, he learns important and useful skills. Reading is one of the fundamental ones. Psychologists recommend taking into account the individual characteristics of children. This will help you understand whether the child is ready to learn letters and whether it’s time to start learning to read syllables. Children of different ages require an individual approach.

It is important to promptly recognize signals of readiness for learning:

the child creates the illusion of reading by moving his finger over the text;
shows interest in books and can look at them for a long time;
knows all the letters and can name them without difficulty;
his speech is understandable;
the child has a large vocabulary;
It is necessary to take an individual approach to a child with speech defects.

Features of learning at different ages

At 3-4 years old

A child at this age is active and inquisitive and is able to absorb a large amount of new information in a short period of time.

Productive learning of any skill should combine:

An interesting form of presentation, i.e. Training is best done in the form of a game. Monotony and monotony can scare away the baby and discourage the desire to learn for a long time.
Select a task depending on the individual characteristics of the baby. Even at age 3, the development and abilities of two children can differ dramatically. It is necessary to select educational games so that they are suitable for the child and are not too difficult for him.
Monitor the reaction of the little student so that he does not overexert himself.
Consider his mood. You should not start training if your child is not in the mood for classes.

At 4-5 years old

The child’s brain begins to actively work and process information. It is much easier for him to structure and analyze everything that is happening around him. Training should also be carried out in the form of games to make it easier and more interesting for the child to learn new knowledge. A small student needs to be able to concentrate on classes for a long time, otherwise the result from them will be minimal.

At 5-6 years old

The child is entering a new stage of intellectual development. He begins to actively show interest in reading, because he himself wants to delve into the learning process.

The child receives more positive emotions from learning to read. The little person’s brain actively develops certain areas that are responsible for attention, helping to better structure, analyze and remember information.

At 6-7 years old

Adults do not like to do routine things that make them bored. And it is simply contraindicated for a child to do something boring. Classes should be fun and interesting.

To do this you will need:

educational material with capital letters;
conduct training in the form of a game;
do not overtire the child.

You should not take into account only books; it is better to use the talking alphabet, cards, cubes and other educational material.

Classical training at home

The right start

In order to successfully and efficiently teach a child to read syllables, it is necessary to set the right beginning. Psychologists and pediatricians advise using certain methods to reduce a young student’s resistance to the learning process.

Among them:

Conduct classes when the child is in a good mood and shows no signs of illness. This rule also applies to the teaching person.
At the beginning of school, the child often experiences rapid fatigue and difficulty concentrating. It will be best to reduce your practice time in the first few days.
The golden rule of any teaching for children is game presentation. This way the child learns the necessary things in an easy and interesting way.
When teaching a child, there is no need to pretend to be a strict teacher. This form of presentation can forever ruin his desire to acquire new knowledge.
The baby definitely needs to be supported and rejoiced at his successes. This will help strengthen the child's self-confidence and ability to achieve success faster.
The more varied games there are, the easier and more interesting it will be for the baby to learn to read syllables. For children, it is also necessary to switch from one game to another in a timely manner. This helps maintain the interest and attention of the little student.

Stages of training

First, explain in a playful way that speech consists of sounds.
Teach your child to distinguish between consonants of different hardness (soft and hard). Identify the vowel that is stressed.
Then the little student needs to learn to isolate sounds in small words.
Show the letter in a playful way and pronounce its sound designation.
Then, together with your parents, add the syllables.

Game forms of learning letters.

For children, the modern world offers many different techniques that help teach them to read syllables.

To teach a child to read syllables, it is recommended to start by learning the letters. It is better to buy the alphabet for children 2-3 years old, where each letter is associated with an object

Among them:

Learning the correct pronunciation of sounds

It is better to divide training into several stages. This will help your child learn correct pronunciation faster.

Stage 1. Aimed at developing organs that are involved in speech: lips, tongue, cheeks. At this stage, easier sounds are mastered, i.e. vowels and simple consonants.
Stage 2. The child learns complex consonants. As practice shows, these are whistling and hissing sounds.
Stage 3. This stage should be given special attention, because it is one of the most difficult when teaching a child correct pronunciation. At stage 3, you need to teach how to correctly pronounce complex sounds (hissing and whistling) so that the baby does not confuse them.
Stage 4. When the little student learns to pronounce complex sounds individually, the next stage begins. The child will need to learn to separate mixing sounds, for example, [Ш] and [С].

Composing syllables and moving on to their pronunciation

Syllables can be divided into 3 types:

Consonant + vowel A. This is the easiest syllable for a child to learn. For example, syllables: MA, BA, PA, etc. He needs to explain how syllables are composed and learn to read them correctly. Let the little reader not try to learn the syllables quickly, because the main thing is that he understands the essence and does it correctly. Over time, he will learn to do this much faster.
Consonant + other vowels. First, it is better to study a syllable with simple consonants, but a vowel other than [A]. Once he has mastered this lesson, you can move on to the next one. Alternate simple consonants with complex consonants (whistles, etc.) and any vowel. For example, syllables: DI, SCHA, CHE, etc.
The syllable is reversed. When the little reader understands the essence, pediatricians recommend switching to closed syllables. Those. the syllable ends with a consonant. For example, syllables: IR, YASH, AR, etc.

Reading whole words

Learning to read syllables is an intermediate stage, after which a difficult but interesting period begins for children - reading whole words. The fewer words that come into the child’s field of vision, the easier it will be for him.

It is best to start with words that have repeating syllables. For example, MA-MA, PA-PA, BA-BA, etc.
Next, children most easily perceive words with repeated (uncomplicated) consonants. For example, MI-MO, etc.
Then you should choose a different combination of syllables, but with simple consonants. For example, SA-LO, KI-SA, etc.
Then it is better to pay attention to words with one complex consonant. For example, RO-SCHA, PI-SCHA, etc. Then you can select both complex consonants: CHA-SCHA, etc.

With a gradual increase in difficulty, the child will be able to read even the most difficult words.

Teaching reading fluency

Learning to read fluently will help your child learn to read quickly. It is important to choose the text for classes in accordance with age. It is necessary to record the initial result in order to know how successfully the training is going. To do this, just let the child read the text and first time it. At the beginning of training, you should not overtire him; 1-2 minutes will be enough.

Understand the meaning. It is necessary that the child can assimilate and remember the meaning of the text read. When the little student reads the part, you need to ask him questions and check whether he understood the meaning of the text.
On the search. The beginning reader is asked to quickly find a certain word or phrase in the text (but this also depends on the age of the child).
It's a tough fight. Experts say that children have difficulty reading words with several consonants in a row. You need to make a list of difficult words with consecutive consonants. It is best to practice such words daily so that the child does not lose skill.
Tongue Twisters. Speaking tongue twisters helps improve pronunciation, distribute breathing correctly, and increase reading speed.

Video lessons for learning to read

There are a huge number of video tutorials, both simple and intricate. It is sometimes difficult for parents to choose from such a variety what is really suitable for their child.

Video lessons can be divided into:

according to the age;
by gender of the child;
by level of training (beginner, intermediate, advanced).

You should select video lessons according to these parameters.

What are the advantages of video lessons on teaching reading:

distance learning;
independent learning without adult participation;
easy accessibility;
interesting learning format;
big variety.

For successful learning it is important to demonstrate:

persistence;
patience;
methodical;
attentiveness;
love and care.

You should not start exercising if you are in a bad mood and/or feeling bad. The rule applies to both the child and the parent. Negative emotions should not be shown during training: irritability, anger, aggression. If difficulties arise during the learning process, it is better to postpone classes for a while.

Video on the topic: how to teach a child to read

REP-KA

Grandfather rapped and said:

Ras-ti, ras-ti, rap-ka, sweet-ka! Grow, grow, rap strong!

You grew up, sweet, strong, big, very big.

Grandfather went to pick a turnip: he couldn’t pull it out. Grandfather called grandma.

Grandfather for grandfather,

Grandfather for rap -

Pull - they pull, but they can’t pull.

Pos-va-la grandma granddaughter.

Granddaughter for grandma,

Grandfather for grandfather,

Grandfather for rap -

Pull - they will pull, but they cannot pull. Poz-va-la granddaughter Zhuch-ku.

Bug for my granddaughter,

Granddaughter for grandma,

Grandfather for grandfather,

Grandfather for rap-ku-

pull-nut - pull-nut, you can’t pull. Poz-va-la Zhuch-ka cat.

Cat for Zhuch,

Bug for my granddaughter,

Granddaughter for grandma,

Grandfather for grandfather,

Grandfather for rap -

pull-nut - pull-nut, you can’t pull. Posed the cat and mouse.

Mouse for cat

Cat for Zhuch,

Bug for my granddaughter,

Granddaughter for grandma,

Grandfather for grandfather,

Grandfather for rap-ku-

tya-nut - tya-nut - and you-tya-well-rep-ku!!!

Hedgehog in the fog.

Would Yo-zhik live in the forest with honey? We lived well, amicably, but from time to time we didn’t talk to them about it. adventures…

Thirty ko-ma-ri-kovs you played on the la-well and played your squeak-la-violins. The moon came out from behind the clouds and, hooting, floated across the sky.

“Mmm-uh!..” - sighed the cow across the river.For-you-la and forty moon-hares along the road.

A fog rose above the river, and a sad-looking lo-sha-d was chest-deep in it, and now a moose appeared - the big-sha-I-be-la-ya duck swims in that-ma-not and from-sniff-ki-va-yas, oh-let-ka-et into it go-lo-woo .

Hedgehog sat on a hill under a pine tree and looked at the island in the moonlight up to the top of the flax -ma-nom.

It was so beautiful that he would flinch from time to time: was he dreaming about all this?

And the ko-ma-ri-ki can’t play their skri-ki-k-kah, the moon hares dance-sa-li, and the so-ba-ka you-la.

“I’ll tell you - they won’t believe it!” - thought the Hedgehog and began to look at the do-li-well and pay attention, so that he could remember the whole -so-tu.

“Here comes the star,” he noted, “and the grass leaned to the left, and from the tree it remained one -shin-ka, and now it’s sailing next to the horse..."

“And in-te-res-but,” thought Yo-zhik, “if the horse lies down to sleep, won’t there be bread in that place?”

And he began to slowly walk down the mountain, so that he could fall into the fog and see what it was like inside.

“Here,” said Hedgehog. - I can not see anything. And yes, you can’t see your paws. Horse! - he called.

But the horse didn’t say anything.

“Where is the horse?” - Yo-zhik thought. And he crawled straight. It was deaf all around, dark and wet, only the dusk glowed faintly from above.

He crawled for a long, long time and suddenly felt that the ground was falling under him and he was flying somewhere.

“Let the re-ka not bother me!” - he decided. He took a deep breath as best he could, and he was carried downstream.

Re-ka shur-sha-la ka-my-sha-mi, drill-li-la on the per-re-ka-tah, and Yo-zhik felt that he was completely wet and ro u-no.

Suddenly someone touched his back paw.

Fox and crane.

The fox and the bug were friends.

So one day I got the idea to visit Zhu-rav-la, and went to invite him to her place:

- Come-ho-di, ku-ma-nyok, come-ho-di, do-ro-goy! How I feel for you!

And the crane goes to the invited feast, and the li-sa na-va-ri-la man-noy ka-shi and spread it according to the plate. Po-da-la and sweat-chu-et:

- Po-ku-shay, my darling ku-ma-nek! Sa-ma cook-pa-la.

The bug clap-clop-clop-clop-clop-clop-knocks, knocks-knocks, doesn't do anything. And li-si-tsa at this time li-gets herself and li-gets ka-shu - so she’s all bored and bored. Ka-sha eat-de-na; li-si-tsa and says:

- Don’t judge, dear godfather! There's nothing else to sweat with!

- Thank you, ku-ma, and that’s it! Come to visit me.

The next day the fox came, and the crane wiggled about the crumbs, put it in a jug with a narrow neck, and stood on the table and said:

- Ku-shay, ku-mush-ka! Don't be ashamed, go-lu-bush.

Li-si-tsa spins around the jug-shi-na, and so goes in and out, and licks it and sniffs it; There’s no point! Doesn't fit his head into the jug. Meanwhile, the crane pecks at itself and pecks, until it has eaten everything.

- Well, don’t judge, ku-ma! There is nothing more to give.

Took-la-su to-sa-da: I thought-ma-la that I can’t eat enough for a whole lot of time, but I went home like I didn’t-so-lo-but bread-ba-la. Since then, the li-sa and the crane have been apart.