Ultrasonic bath 20 liters. Ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet baths. Pros and cons of UV lamps "Sun" for children

Sources of UV radiation are of open and closed type, depending on the material from which the glass is made, they are distinguished: quartz lamps, bactericidal and amalgam. An irradiator with a quartz flask produces the strongest radiation; during operation it produces ozone, which has an additional antimicrobial effect. Bactericidal and amalgam emitters prevent the formation of ozone, therefore they are more preferable for residential premises. Below we will talk about the most popular models of UV devices, and which ultraviolet lamp is the most suitable for home use.

We all know how dangerous it is to stay in the sun for a long time and how harmful ultraviolet radiation is to the skin. We know that ozone holes are bad, but can ultraviolet light benefit people? Yes, sources of ultraviolet (uv) radiation have long been used in everyday life, in production, in medicine and cosmetology.

What microbes does quartz treatment help with?

Cocci and bacilli are the first to die, and fungi, spore species of bacteria and protozoan microorganisms can withstand irradiation the longest. Quartz treatment is effective even against the bird flu virus. After 20 minutes of quartzization, the room can be considered sterile.

However, it is worth remembering that excessive disinfection of a home is also not good for a person. Even the body of a small child must develop immunity, coping with germs on its own. A child raised in a sterile environment gets sick more often when entering school and kindergarten than his peers who grew up in more natural conditions. It’s a completely different matter if there is mold in the house or one of the family members has contracted a contagious infection, in which case quartzing will be very useful.

Which UV lamp is best for home use?

In addition to the fact that UV lamps differ in radiation intensity and configuration, they also differ in their operating principle. When choosing a device for your home, you need to carefully study the instructions and determine exactly the purpose for which the device will be used.

Quartz

The lamp bears this name because of the bulb, which is made of quartz glass; such material directly affects the quality of the radiation. Quartz gas-discharge lamps, like bactericidal lamps, use mercury; under the influence of electricity, it begins to glow in the ultraviolet range from 205 to 315 nm.

It is thanks to this property that they have the maximum disinfecting effect. Intense radiation kills all known microorganisms, viruses, bacteria, unicellular algae and mold spores. However, these devices should be used in an apartment with extreme caution, because UV radiation in this range is harmful not only to microbes, but also to the cells of the human body. In addition, waves are shorter than 257 nm. provoke the formation of ozone - a gas with strong oxidizing properties. This is even good for disinfecting premises: some microbes are killed by ultraviolet light, and the rest are dealt with by ozone.

Ozone in high concentrations is poisonous to all living things, therefore, during quartzing of premises, all people and pets should leave the room; if there are indoor plants, it is recommended to take them out too.

Quartz treatment is used to disinfect operating rooms, hospital wards, industrial premises, and catering establishments. The use of irradiation simultaneously with ozonation in stores and grocery warehouses allows you to keep food fresh longer, prevent rotting and the development of pathogenic microflora.

Emitters bring tangible benefits during epidemics and are used in clinics, kindergartens, schools, sanatoriums, crowded offices and other crowded places. This helps stop the spread of infection.

In medicine, quartz lamps are successfully used to treat diseases of the respiratory system, nasopharynx, musculoskeletal system, inflammation, burns, frostbite, sore throats, etc.

Germicidal lamps

These are also ultraviolet emitters, but they are made a little differently, they are also gas-discharge mercury lamps, but their bulb is made not of quartz, but of uviol glass, which blocks “hard” radiation that provokes the formation of ozone. The bactericidal effect is achieved only due to “soft” ultraviolet radiation. Such devices are safer in an apartment, but are much weaker than their quartz counterparts.

Due to the absence of ozone, the lamps are safe for the respiratory system, time restrictions on the use of these devices are not so strict, and in medical institutions, bactericidal lamps can operate continuously, with one condition: they are equipped with a special casing, thanks to which the light is directed to the ceiling and cannot harm the eyes of visitors.

If you need a lamp only to combat pathogens, and you do not plan to treat at home, then a bactericidal or amalgam lamp will be a better choice than a quartz lamp.

Attention! While operating the device, you need to wear special protective glasses; UV radiation causes burns to the cornea of ​​the eye; at first this is not noticeable, but over time, vision will begin to deteriorate.

Amalgam

This is a new generation of bactericidal lamps, which differs from previous models in that instead of liquid mercury, a solid coating of amalgam (an alloy of indium, mercury and bismuth) is used in the flask; under the influence of current, the amalgam heats up and evaporates mercury, which produces radiation. When amalgam lamps operate, ozone is also not released and their antimicrobial effect is no less.

An important advantage is also that mercury is in a bound state. If the lamp accidentally breaks, it will not cause any harm to the people around you, you just need to sweep up the fragments and throw them in a trash container, and wash the place where the glass broke with water. If a burning lamp breaks, this is a little worse, since it contains mercury vapor, but in a non-life-threatening concentration, you need to remove the remains of the lamp and ventilate the room.

For comparison, a regular fluorescent, bactericidal or quartz lamp contains 1-3 grams. liquid mercury and if it breaks, it is really dangerous for those present. That is why you should not throw thermometers, batteries and energy-saving lamps into the trash container - this pollutes the environment. They must be handed over at special collection points (for example, at any IKEA store). There are only a few milligrams of mercury in amalgam lamps and it is in a bound state. The production, operation and disposal of such lamps are much safer.

Flasks coated with amalgam do not become cloudy over time, and therefore provide stable radiation throughout their entire service life. Over time, the bulbs of bactericidal and quartz lamps become coated, causing some of the radiant energy to be lost. The service life of such lamps is 8000 hours of continuous operation, and for amalgam lamps up to 16000 hours.

“Ozone-free” lamps are also available for sale; their bulbs are coated with titanium oxide, which does not transmit waves shorter than 257 nm. and, accordingly, no ozone is formed. This is also a suitable UV lamp for home use.

The Minin reflector (blue lamp) has nothing to do with ultraviolet radiation. This lamp emits visible light and infrared radiation. Used as a dry heat source to warm up diseased areas of the body. The blue lamp is not hazardous to eyesight, does not produce ozone, and is also useless for disinfecting premises.

UV lamp for home use

Quartz UV irradiator “Sun”

Consists of a quartz flask located inside a metal case, the device has legs and is installed on any horizontal surface. The sliding lid turns the treatment device into an irradiator for disinfection. It is used both in clinics and in residential premises. It is also used for the prevention and treatment of various skin diseases, arthritis, diseases of the nasopharynx, respiratory organs, and general strengthening of the immune system.

Before using the Sun irradiator to treat diseases at home, do not forget to consult your doctor. In order not to harm your own body and the health of loved ones, such procedures must be carried out according to certain rules, which your doctor will tell you about.

In addition to the Sun irradiator itself, the kit contains several plastic tubes for treating the inner surface of the ears, nose and throat, safety glasses to avoid burns to the retina, a biodosimeter and instructions.

Before purchasing, consult with a consultant; the fact is that there are several Solnyshka models, differing in strength and scope of application. A consultant will help you choose the best device for your family.

The time for quartzing the air with the “Solnyshko” irradiator is no more than 20-30 minutes; no one should be in the room during the procedure; do not forget to ventilate the room.

Bactericidal air recirculator “RZT-300”, “ORBB-30x2”

The device is a closed type, designed to purify the air from pathogens, allergens and unpleasant odors. There may be people in the room while the recirculator is operating, since the “ozone-free” lamp is located inside a metal casing.

The device consists of fans that suck air from the room and drive it along a bactericidal lamp, which destroys all microorganisms. In addition to UV cleaning, the recirculator is equipped with filters on which dust particles, pollen and other contaminants are deposited. Purified air is supplied back to the room.

These devices are recommended for use in children's playrooms, gyms, school classrooms, crowded rooms, offices and auditoriums, shops, household and warehouse premises. Also suitable as an air purifier for smoking rooms, public toilets, and train stations. Recirculators are used to purify air from bacteria in hospitals, virology laboratories, etc.

The recirculator can be hung on the wall or used as a tabletop one. Weight: 3.5 kg.

Lamps “Quartz”, “Promin”, “KBB”

These are all small portable open devices designed to disinfect premises in the absence of people. The metal case contains a quartz or bactericidal lamp; the models differ in power and scope of application. Before purchasing, carefully read the instructions, because different models are designed for different areas of premises, some emit ozone, others do not, some are used to disinfect medical and public premises, others are created exclusively for home use. The device has legs and is used as a floor or tabletop UV emitter.

Longevita UV CURE mini and Longevita UV Cure Home and Office device

Longevita UV Cure Home and Office– ultraviolet bactericidal lamp for home and office. The device is a closed type, can work continuously throughout the day, ozone is not released during operation, the emitter is closed with a lid and does not harm the eyes of people present in the room. The device operates on the principle of a recirculator; in addition to a UV lamp, it is equipped with a photocatalytic filter, which allows you to purify the air not only of microorganisms, but also of dust, smoke, allergens, and unpleasant odors.

Weight: 1 kg, plastic case: 36.5×14.5×14.5 cm, can be installed on a desktop or any other horizontal surface. Powered by network adapter. Designed for a room with a volume of 20 sq.m. Wavelength: 254 nm. Power consumption 8 W, 3 cleaning speeds.

Such a device is simply irreplaceable when there are bedridden patients in the house; ultraviolet light helps not only to destroy germs, but also where there are bedridden patients, small children and pets.

Longevita UV CURE mini– a small device designed for cleaning small rooms (up to 8 sq. m): bathroom, pantry, kitchen. The compact size (12 x 6 x 4.5 cm) allows the device to be used for refrigerators and wardrobes. The device operates on the principle of an ozonizer. Emits in the range from 185 to 254 nm. due to which it kills all known types of bacteria (salmonella, cocci, tuberculosis bacillus, etc.), viruses and fungi, including black mold spores. The device also helps to get rid of unpleasant odors in the room: the smell of tobacco, burnt food, old things, cat urine, toilet, dampness, mold. Operates on 4 AA alkaline batteries.

Longevita UV CURE mini, placed in the refrigerator increases the shelf life of products and prevents the growth of mold and putrefactive microflora.

One of the most ancient methods of treatment using climatotherapy is sun treatment: this technique allows you to get a pronounced positive result, which becomes clearly noticeable after the first few uses. The sun's rays, stimulating the protective functions of the skin and the whole body, activate all vital processes in the body, eliminating signs of inflammation and ensuring the production of vitamin D.

Thanks to this vitamin, it becomes possible to eliminate the insufficiency of the endocrine system to a greater extent, eliminate the negative manifestations of many organic lesions and prevent the worsening of existing inflammatory processes in the body.

Concept of method

Being one of the most active healing techniques, heliotherapy is easy to perform and can be used both in treatment and for prevention.

Heliotherapy is an almost obligatory component in any spa treatment scheme: two types of rays of the solar spectrum provide the most complete positive effect due to their diversity. The combination of this method of treatment and other methods of influence allows you to obtain the most pronounced positive results, eliminating the symptoms of many diseases.

About the benefits and harms of sunbathing, watch the video below:

Types of effects using heliotherapy

Sunlight is divided into two spectrums, which differ both in the type of impact and in the sensations that arise when using them. The division of solar rays into spectra is as follows:

• infrared radiation- a type of radiation that penetrates the skin and leads to dilation of blood vessels due to their significant expansion, which allows for a resolving effect on various tissues, eliminating manifestations of stagnation in tissues. With the help of infrared radiation there is a thermal effect that is felt by the skin;
• ultraviolet radiation, which is not felt by the skin and has a positive effect on all processes occurring both in the skin and in adjacent tissues. Under the influence, the skin cells actively produce melanin, which is responsible for the resulting tan and gives the skin an attractive golden hue. Having maximum biological activity, ultraviolet radiation quickly eliminates the symptoms of many organic lesions, reduces the severity of inflammatory processes and other pathological manifestations.

The combination of the two listed types of exposure to sunlight allows you to obtain the most pronounced positive results, reduce the severity of many diseases and carry out a preventive effect on the body.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantage of this method of physiotherapeutic influence should be considered the duration of maintaining a positive result and ease of use, which allows you to prescribe this means of healing and prevention as an adjuvant and as an independent method. Also, the advantages of heliotherapy include the possibility of its use by almost all categories of patients, a relatively small number of contraindications. The possibility of obtaining a positive result from sunlight, both from a natural source and from an artificial source in a medical center, can also be considered important.

The disadvantages include the need for increased care in use by people with fair skin, with increased sensitivity to sunlight.

Indications for the use of sunbathing

The use of this method of physiotherapeutic influence, such as heliotherapy, is indicated in the following cases:

• In the presence of dermatological lesions - long-term non-healing injuries, wounds, and skin lesions in the form of and, depriving scrofulous. Also such skin ailments:
• In case of poor functioning of the musculoskeletal system - disturbances in the condition of ligaments, muscles and tendons, negative changes in the cartilage tissue of the joints, bone tuberculosis;
• With lesions of the gastrointestinal tract;
• For inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs.

The listed indications for the use of heliotherapy can be supplemented with metabolic disorders, negative changes in the condition of the skin (with increased fat content or), as well as preventive purposes to stimulate the functioning of the immune system.

Contraindications

The use of this method, due to its high degree of activity, also has a number of limitations for use, which should be taken into account when choosing a method of physiotherapeutic influence. The most important contraindications to the use of heliotherapy include diseases such as:

• oncological lesions,
• the presence of ongoing inflammatory processes of any localization in the acute stage,
• presence of autoimmune diseases ().

It is also not recommended to use this procedure for diseases of the hematopoietic system and endocrine lesions. Feverish conditions should also be considered a reason for the failure of heliotherapy due to the high activity of the procedure and the possibility of aggravating the manifestations of the current condition.

To obtain a pronounced positive effect when using heliotherapy, you should first undergo an examination and have an accurate diagnosis, which will allow the attending physician to draw up a treatment plan.

Monitoring the treatment will allow you to avoid the likely negative consequences of using this treatment method in the form of an increase in existing symptoms and a deterioration in general well-being.

Preparation for the procedure

Before sunbathing, you should remove clothing from the treated area of ​​skin, clean it and cover it with a special composition to prevent burns and overheating.

The video below will tell you how to take sunbathing for health benefits:

How it is carried out

The algorithm for performing heliotherapy is simple; it can be used both in natural sunbathing conditions and in specialized institutions offering physiotherapy services.

In specialized conditions

A method of influence such as heliotherapy is prescribed if the above indications are present and is carried out under the supervision of a doctor. However, knowledge of certain rules that allow you to increase the degree of effectiveness of the intervention makes it possible to prevent the worsening of the current disease and enhance the therapeutic effect. These include the following recommendations:

1. Exposure to direct sunlight should not exceed two hours to avoid overheating.
2. The time spent in the sun during the day should correspond to solar rhythms, when the sun is moderately active. This means that the most optimal time from the point of view of the effectiveness of the effect is the morning before 11 o'clock in the afternoon, when the sun's rays have not yet become too scorching, and after 16 o'clock - the sun then becomes soft again, does not have a sharp effect on the skin and is not capable of causing her .
3. When you are in the open sun, you should cover your head with a light hat: it is the head that receives the strongest exposure to the rays, which may result in drowsiness, etc.
4. The use of sunscreens will help avoid deterioration of the skin, which, with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation, quickly ages, dries out excessively, etc.
5. After sunbathing, it is recommended to use moisturizers that help remove the negative effects of ultraviolet rays and maintain healthy skin.

The listed rules are easy to apply, allow you to achieve pronounced positive results and reduce the possible negative consequences of heliotherapy.

Features of application

The use of the considered method of physiotherapeutic method has a number of its own specific features that should be taken into account when prescribing and conducting heliotherapy. Before starting to use it, it is recommended to check the skin's reaction to the sun's rays, and the fact of the source of the sun's rays is not important - natural rays or those obtained using an artificial source.

To do this, it is necessary to briefly expose the skin to sunlight and monitor the reaction to them: if skin rashes appear, as well as severe redness, you should stop using this procedure. In case of minor negative manifestations when exposed to ultraviolet or ultraviolet radiation, you can reduce the intensity and duration of the exposure, and also be sure to use special protective drugs that allow you to use heliotherapy even with increased skin sensitivity.

Before use, the skin must be cleaned of contaminants in the form of dust, dirt, and cosmetic residues to obtain the maximum amount of ultraviolet radiation and a positive result from the exposure. If a limited area of ​​skin is exposed, it is left open and the skin is irradiated. When treating the entire surface of the skin, it is necessary to remove clothing and, after applying a special protective agent, irradiate the skin.

The duration of the effect may vary depending on the degree of damage and tolerability of heliotherapy. After the end of the exposure, you should rest for a while: it is preferable to remain in a horizontal position for 15-30 minutes, do not make sudden movements to avoid possible dizziness. It is recommended to treat the surface of the skin exposed to sunlight with a special product with a moisturizing effect to prevent possible dryness of the skin and reduce the risk of skin tightness, itching and burning.

Consequences and possible complications

The use of heliotherapy can contribute to the appearance of areas with hypersensitive skin when exposure to sunlight is exceeded. Strict adherence to the recommended dosage will allow you to get only positive results from this type of physiotherapeutic effect.

Recovery and care

After sunbathing, both locally and throughout the body, there is a possibility of areas with severe hyperemia appearing, and it is necessary to use products that soothe the skin and restore its natural state. You may also need anti-burn agents to reduce the negative effects of exposure to ultraviolet rays on the skin.

Also, to maintain the positive results of ultraviolet and infrared radiation for a longer period, it is recommended to use a course of vitamin therapy (especially vitamin E, which will restore the skin after exposure to sunlight), and moisturizers.

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The warm rays of the sun give us not only a beautiful tan, but also health. It's a shame that it's so difficult to find time to enjoy them regularly. Vacation ends quickly, citizens return to their offices, under artificial lighting. How to take full advantage of the beneficial solar spectrum at home? You will need an ultraviolet lamp for home use. It will solve many problems, protect your home from pathogenic bacteria, and help cope with many diseases. Today we will analyze in detail all the issues regarding the operation of this device.

A UV emitter will cleanse your home of pathogens

The radiation from a UV lamp falls between X-rays and the violet spectrum. This wave flow is as close as possible to the natural solar spectrum.Ultraviolet light is urgently needed by the human body. It allows vitamin D to be absorbed, which, in turn, preserves our bones, hair and teeth. Lack of vitamin D leads to diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

In addition to the absorption of the vitamin necessary for bones, UV radiation is necessary for the destruction of microbes and viruses, the treatment of inflammatory processes, and the disinfection of premises, water and instruments.

How does a UV irradiator work?

In terms of the level of chemical interaction, ultraviolet radiation is the most active in the solar spectrum. But it penetrates only 1 millimeter under the skin. So the effect of ultraviolet radiation is limited to the surface of the mucous membrane and the area of ​​irradiated skin.The human torso is most susceptible to the effects of this spectrum, and less so are the arms and legs. Children's skin is more sensitive than adults.

Important to remember! The UV lamp should not be placed too close to the leaves; the distance should be at least 15÷20 centimeters. If you place the radiation source closer, the foliage will get burned.

70 watts is enough for one square meter of green mass. The lamps in the greenhouse are turned on for 12 hours.

Using ultraviolet lamps for water

The condition of urban water supply networks leaves much to be desired. Corroded pipes are often not sealed; not only groundwater, but also bacteria-infected wastewater can get into drinking water. You can protect yourself at home by using ultraviolet water treatment.

The principle of operation of the UV filter is simple - water is passed through a storage tank in which the irradiator is located. The rays kill all viruses and bacteria in the liquid, after which the water becomes suitable for consumption even without boiling. The most effective lamps are those with a wavelength of 260.5 nm. It is this frequency that destroys bacterial cells by breaking their DNA chains.

Modern excimer water purification devices do not contain mercury and are very powerful. In such filters, the result of homolysis is the rapid oxidation of all organic matter and the death of pathogenic microorganisms.

Before choosing a water purification device, you should pay attention to the data on the effectiveness of these devices. have an indicator of 5÷9%, mercury 8÷33%, ex-measurement 9÷27%.The big advantage of this method of water disinfection is that it does not use chemicals, is safe and very effective. Purified water has no foreign taste or smell.UV filters are not only used for drinking water sources. With their help, it is easy to maintain a swimming pool, a small home pond with fish and an aquarium in proper condition. Such devices will not only purify the water of bacteria, but will also prevent algae from multiplying, turning the reservoir into a muddy swamp.

Flawless manicure using an ultraviolet nail lamp

Permanent manicure is increasingly gaining popularity among the fair sex. Well-groomed nails for a long time - what could be more convenient. Many have already mastered the use of shellac at home.

The most popular today are ultraviolet devices with low power from 8 to 55 W. The more powerful the radiation, the faster the process of varnish formation. Professional salons use powerful devices of 35÷55 W, for home there is no need to buy such a lamp, 8÷20 W is quite enough.Ultraviolet lamps are suitable for working with any type of gel polish.

These products also have their drawbacks. Long-term operation leads to a gradual loss of power. If you notice that the varnish is blurring and takes a long time to dry, it’s time to change the lamp. Another problem for LED ultraviolet lamps is power surges. Power surges lead to lamp failure.

For your information! UV dryers have a lifespan limited to approximately 8,000 hours. Such lamps are not recommended for use at air temperatures below 12 degrees.

It must be remembered that the mercury content of ultraviolet light sources requires special care when disposing of them.

Can UV lamps be used for children?

The benefits of quartz treatment for the prevention and treatment of many diseases are well known. The use of ultraviolet lamps for children should be strictly dosed, since the skin of a child is more sensitive to radiation than an adult.

Important! After the quartz treatment procedure, you should not bathe the child or lubricate his skin with creams for 24 hours.

In no case should you forget about eye protection - use glasses when quartzing.Ultraviolet procedures help fight rickets in childhood and increase the immune resistance of the child’s body. UV devices with local effects will help cope with sore throat and runny nose.

How to choose a germicidal ultraviolet lamp for your home against germs

Finding the right model is not as easy as it seems. Before purchasing, you need to carefully study and compare all the models you like.First of all, decide what you need the device for: for disinfecting a room or irradiating the body. Eliminate ozone lamps from your shopping list; they cannot be used at home.

What are germicidal lamps that work in the presence of people?

The safest for home use are devices that operate with a closed housing. They are also called recirculators. Such irradiators can safely operate in a room, even if there are children in it. Usually the casing can be removed, in which case the lamp is used to quartz the room. In this case, no one should be in the room.

Important point! Germicidal lamps cannot be used for tanning. Their emission spectrum is dangerous for the skin.

In recirculators, the source of UV rays is located in a housing with a built-in mini-fan. It will force air through the body. In the disinfection zone, UV rays kill all microorganisms. The purified air flow returns to the atmosphere of the room.

Such a device can operate continuously up to 12 hours a day. Modern models are additionally equipped with remote control, a timer and a carbon filter system.

Models of home ultraviolet lamps “Sun”

Ultraviolet irradiators “Solnyshko” are the most popular devices of this type in the Russian market segment. They are suitable for disinfecting premises and teaching adults and children.

Model range of irradiators of this brand:

Photo	Model	Specific Features
	OUFK 1	A compact, low-power device suitable for teaching children from infancy. Without a protective cover it can be used for disinfecting premises. To properly process a room, you need to move the device to different angles.
	OUFK 2	The more powerful product is intended only for adults and children over 3 years of age. Can be used to disinfect premises.
	OUFK 3	Can be used as a home solarium. Quickly disinfects rooms. Can only be used for adult education.
	OUFK 4	A powerful device that effectively purifies the air. Used to treat the throat and nose, subject to adjustment of power and adherence to the procedure regimen. This device should not be used for children under three years of age.

Pros and cons of UV lamps "Sun" for children

The Sun UV lamp, like any medical device, must be used strictly for its intended purpose.Among the main advantages of using these devices, mention should be made of the possibility of not only treating many diseases, but also relieving pain from inflammation and injuries, destroying harmful microorganisms, and preventing respiratory infections.

During operation, you will find some disadvantages of the device:

• the metal body of the lamp is not grounded, and all the wires in it are located too close to the walls;
• replacing a lamp in a device is an extremely complicated procedure; the housing is difficult to disassemble;
• the device does not have a timer, so during procedures you need to have a watch with a stopwatch on hand;
• a working device interferes with the operation of home electronics;
• The device comes with only one pair of glasses, which means the session can only be performed for one person. And this is difficult if you plan to irradiate a child.

If you remember these operating nuances, you may be able to avoid many problems.

How much does an ultraviolet lamp cost and where can I buy it?

If you suddenly don’t know where to buy an ultraviolet lamp, then these devices can be purchased at any medical equipment store. There are many online trading platforms offering different types of irradiators. Here are the most popular models according to Yandex.Market:

Photo	Model	Features of application	price, rub.
	Quartz DKBU-9	Used for disinfection of premises	1450
	Crystal BNB 01-11-001	Disinfects air and objects indoors	1650
	Sun OUFK-01	Local irradiation, disinfection of premises, treatment of a number of diseases	1950
	Generis wall-ceiling OBNP	Placed on the wall or ceiling. Closed case type. Used in the absence of people.	2800
	Irradiator UFO-V Electronics with timer	Tabletop body training device with uviol glass flask.	2990
	Bactericidal recirculator Armed CH111-115	Used in the presence of people to disinfect the air.	3250

How to make an ultraviolet lamp at home from scrap materials

To be honest, the game is almost not worth the candle. You can buy a regular ultraviolet lamp at any medical equipment store and its price is relatively low. In this case, you receive a guaranteed radiation spectrum that is safe and beneficial for the body. Any homemade emitter requires a decent amount of time spent, plus no guaranteed results. Some people believe that to obtain ultraviolet radiation it is enough to paint an ordinary lamp blue. The dubious effect of such a device can only manifest itself in the heating of individual parts of the body, and then this heating is most likely from the heat of the lamp itself, and not from ultraviolet radiation.

If you are not looking for easy ways, here is a small MK from a folk craftsman:

Photo	Description of work
	To make a UV lamp you will need a DRL-250 fluorescent lamp
	It is necessary to carefully cut the glass flask using a grinder
	As a result, you will have in your hands the base of the lamp, which will emit the ultraviolet spectrum
	The mount for the future device can be made from plywood or OSB sheet. The lamp socket is fixed to the base
	For the lamp, you should select a choke that matches the power.
	Connection diagram of the lamp with the power source
	All that remains is to connect the wires and plug the lamp into the outlet. If after some time you smell ozone, everything went well.

Video: an easier option for obtaining an ultraviolet radiation source

We remind you that you are unlikely to get any beneficial health effects from such a design.

Article

Throughout the development of mankind, one or another invention has regularly appeared, designed to simplify and improve people's lives. Technical progress never stands still, so the development of the scientific sphere is a completely natural and logical process.

Not long ago, a device called an ultrasonic bath became popular among consumers. Almost any owner can create this mechanism with his own hands; it is only important to have a certain list of materials available and strictly follow the manufacturing technology. This product is used mainly to clean certain objects, and the work is based not on standard methods, but on the use of such a relatively new phenomenon as ultrasound. Therefore, what an ultrasonic cleaning bath is and how it functions will be discussed further.

Principle of operation

From the name of this device it becomes clear what underlies its functioning. Ultrasound is a kind of vibration, the frequency of which exceeds 18 kHz. The liquid in such a bath is filled with a large number of bubbles, which burst under the influence of high pressure, creating an effect called cavitation.

The principle of operation is as follows: an object that requires cleaning is immersed inside a reservoir with a solution. After starting the device, the bubbles, bursting, act on the contaminated mechanism and remove plaque from it. This method allows you to get rid of dirt even in the most inaccessible parts of the product without violating its structural integrity.

What does an ultrasonic cleaning bath consist of?

Externally, this device is not very large, about 1 liter (there are larger samples that can hold 5, 10 or more liters), usually made of stainless steel. This is quite enough to process a wide variety of devices and mechanisms.

The design of such a product includes 3 main elements:

1. An emitter, the main purpose of which is to convert electrical vibrations created by ultrasound into mechanical ones, which are subsequently transmitted into the bath liquid through its walls.
2. A generator that serves as a source of vibration.
3. A heating element. Its main function is to ensure that the ultrasonic bath liquid has a constant temperature of 70°C. It is worth noting that sometimes such a structural component may not be included in the design of the device, but its presence definitely contributes to better cleaning.

Scope of application of ultrasonic baths

This method of removing dirt is much more effective compared to traditional options. To clean products of various purposes, ultrasonic baths are actively used in many areas:

• in medicine, its use allows for thorough sterilization of surgical and laboratory instruments;
• in the mechanical engineering field, an ultrasonic bath plays the role of a unit that removes contaminants from pipes and other large parts after they have been polished and grinded;
• These devices are also widely used in jewelry, when periodically there is a need to clean jewelry that has lost its presentable appearance;
• Printing house workers use an ultrasonic bath primarily to wash the structural parts of printers and other devices responsible for printing;
• The use of this multifunctional device also helps to clean silicon and quartz wafers, which form the basis of electronic production;
• Car enthusiasts know firsthand about the need to clean structural components of the vehicle, such as injectors, filters, injectors, etc.

The main advantages of ultrasonic baths

If we compare such a system with other devices, we cannot fail to note a number of its undeniable advantages, including:

1. An ultrasonic bath is a very easy-to-use product. For its operation, you only need to fill the container with the necessary solution, and the cleaning process can begin.
2. Any dirt, even in the most inaccessible parts of an object, can be removed with its help without any problems.
3. High performance indicators. An ideal cleaning result can be achieved by holding it inside the bathtub for just 2-3 minutes.
4. After the procedure is completed, no mechanical damage will appear on the surface of the product, since it is processed without the use of any aggressive means.

Main selection criteria

In order for the purchased ultrasonic bath to work as efficiently as possible, you need to become familiar with some factors that influence the quality of its operation.

As mentioned earlier, the presence in its design is welcome, since the cleaning time in this case is significantly reduced, and the positive result is more obvious. However, it is worth noting that if the ultrasonic bath liquid contains a disinfectant solution, then there is no need to use additional energy to increase the temperature.

In addition, it is important to immediately decide which items will be cleaned, since the capacity of the device must correspond to the volume of items immersed in it.

Next, a few words should be said about how to make such a device for removing dirt from car injectors. It is these parts of the vehicle that most often require cleaning, so the specifics of the work need to be described in more detail.

Materials for making an ultrasonic bath for injectors

Every car owner knows that for stable engine operation it is very important to keep all its components in order. When an ultrasonic bath is used, we can speak with confidence about the safe operation of the vehicle. However, such work, performed at any service station, will be very expensive. Therefore, you should understand what ultrasonic baths for injectors are in order to make such a device yourself.

But first you need to decide on the list of materials required for DIY installation. These include:

• A container that will serve as a base. Any basin that is not too large can serve it.
• Washing machine with ultrasonic function. You can purchase such a device at almost any household supply store.
• The simplest washing powder, which does not have impurities and additional properties such as a bleaching effect.
• Hot water.
• If available, use a special spray for cleaning injectors. However, it is quite possible to do without it.

Self-production of an ultrasonic bath for injectors

The process of creating such a unit does not involve any complexity. First, you should take a clean basin and fill it with hot water, in which you subsequently need to dilute the washing powder in approximately the same proportion as for washing. After this, the nozzles that need to be cleaned should be immersed in the liquid and lowered. Its operating time is about 30 minutes. It is important to remember that the water in the basin should be changed until the smell of gasoline completely disappears during operation of the device.

After the unpleasant aroma is no longer noticeable, the nozzles should be placed directly in the center of the device, which will speed up the cleaning process. 6 hours is the standard time for which the bath should operate. will completely remove dirt and oil residues from car parts. In addition, this cleaning option will allow the owner to save a significant amount of money.

A set of materials for installing an ultrasonic bath

In order to construct such a device with your own hands, it is important to correctly understand the principle of its operation, otherwise complex manipulations will not lead to anything good. Having studied the features of the functioning of such a mechanism as an ultrasonic bath, you can assemble it with your own hands, having the following list of materials available:

• plastic or glass tube;
• a round magnet (such a part can be found in many old speakers);
• coil;
• liquid intended for ultrasonic bath;
• porcelain container;
• pulse based transformer;
• pump;
• steel frame.

Once all the parts are prepared, assembly can begin.

Ultrasonic cleaning bath manufacturing process

As mentioned earlier, such work must be carried out in strict accordance with a pre-prepared plan so that the final result is positive. The diagram of an ultrasonic bath, which is shown below, will help you understand the structure of a homemade device.

The installation process begins with the fact that the coil must be wound onto a prepared plastic or glass tube. A magnet should be placed on the remaining section of the rod. The resulting device is nothing more than a converter called magnetostrictive.

All the following actions must take place according to the following algorithm:

1. A porcelain vessel should be installed in a steel frame.
2. After this, the bottom of this part should be equipped with a hole, where the already manufactured converter should be placed.
3. Then it is necessary to construct nozzles in the vessel design. These elements are designed to allow liquid to flow in through them and subsequently drain. If you plan to construct a large bathtub, it would be useful to take care of installing a pump that speeds up the flow of the solution.
4. Upon completion of installation, a pulse transformer is installed, the main function of which is to increase the voltage. Any mechanism of this kind, taken from a TV or computer, is suitable for these purposes.

The work ends with checking the functioning of the ultrasonic bath. If the assembly process was carried out correctly, then the operation of such a device will save a significant part of the budget and will make it possible to thoroughly and efficiently clean all the necessary parts.

Sources Sveta, intensively emitting the ultraviolet part of the spectrum, are direct mercury-quartz - PRK or argon-mercury-quartz - ARK - burners, the emission spectrum of which contains up to 45.7% of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength from 400 to 150 mu; visible rays 47%, infrared rays 7.3%. Due to the small amount of heat rays in the spectrum of these burners, the sensation of heat is insignificant. Mercury-quartz gas-light burners (PRK) have a cylindrical shape. The burner is made of rock crystal, quartz, up to 12 cm long with air removed from it. Metal electrodes are inserted into both ends of the tube.

When heated mercury partially turns into steam, forming a Petrov's arc, emitting ultraviolet rays. Irradiation should begin after 12-15 minutes. after igniting the burner, when the radiation reaches a constant maximum intensity. Burners are made of quartz because it transmits ultraviolet rays and withstands the high temperature of the Petrov arc.

Currently time A new type of burner is widely used: the argon-mercury-quartz burner (ARC), which consists of a horseshoe-shaped or cylindrical quartz tube filled with rarefied gas - argon. At the ends of the tube, in small extensions, there is a small amount of mercury, which, when the burner is ignited, almost completely transforms into a vapor state.Quartz glass 1 mm thick transmits all rays well up to 150 mu.

From these lamps a characteristic mercury spectrum is obtained, which has the following features: 1) it is not continuous, as with the light sources described above, but linear; 2) there are absolutely no infrared rays in it; 3) there are almost no red rays; 4) there are a lot of ultraviolet rays - up to 250 mu and even shorter, i.e., in addition to internal ultraviolet, there are many external ones, namely with a length of less than 200 mu, which are not in the solar spectrum. The total emission of ultraviolet rays in quartz lamps is extremely high.

Thanks to all these qualities quartz lamps are considered the best in terms of ultraviolet radiation emission. Currently, the most common quartz lamps are the Bach and Jezionek types.

Bach mercury quartz lamp. In a Bach lamp, the burner is mounted in a large, curved, hemisphere-shaped aluminum reflector.
Using a handle (a wheel on the side of the hood), the burner is tilted to connect both masses of mercury, and then brought back to a horizontal position so that the mercury is separated and a voltaic arc is formed. The reflector is mounted movably using a block on the ceiling or on a special tripod, so that it can be lowered and raised and, therefore, change the distance of the lamp from the patient and at the same time change the intensity of illumination.