© Dybina O. V., 2010
© "MOSAICAASINTEZ", 2010

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Introduction

This guide will help educators preschool institutions successfully organize and carry out work to familiarize 4–5-year-old children with the world around them - the objective environment and the phenomena of life around them. The manual includes work planning, classes, games-classes, didactic games.
To make it easier for teachers to plan work on this section of the training and education program for preschoolers, the content of the work is presented by themes. For the disclosure of each topic, an approximate course of the lesson, game-lesson or game is offered. This gives the teacher the opportunity to show creativity when planning classes, to include variable play, problem situations, making educational work even more successful, meaningful for him and the children.
The study of each topic can be completed with a final task, which can be used as puzzles, riddles, figure-answers, etc. Similar game tasks are presented in the workbook of OV Dybina. I get to know the world: Workbook for children 4-5 years old. - M .: TC "Sphere", 2009.
Teachers should pay special attention to the fact that when getting acquainted with the world around you cannot:
- limit yourself only to a monologue-story about objects, phenomena of reality: it is necessary to include in the classes as many actions as possible (sit on a chair, sofa; put on clothes and walk around in them; invite mother, treat grandmother, etc.);
- overload children with a lot of questions;
- use in work only the form of cognitive activities.
The work on familiarizing children 4-5 years old with the world around them must be built in accordance with their psychological characteristics, choosing adequate forms, means, methods and techniques for interacting with preschoolers and striving to make this process more accessible and effective.
V middle group kindergarten acquaintance with the world around is carried out both in the form of games-activities and in the form of didactic games, in which the game rule regulates the actions and relationships of children, and the correct solution of problems ensures the achievement of the goal of the game. When organizing and conducting games-classes, didactic games it is important to create an atmosphere that allows each child to realize his activity in relation to the world around him.
The manual provides additional material: options for activities, games-activities, games that can be used in working with children outside of class, for a walk.
To familiarize children with secondary age group with the surrounding world (the subject environment and the phenomena of the surrounding world), two lessons are allocated per month.
The pedagogical staff of kindergarten No. 179 "Snowdrop" of ANO DO "Planet of childhood" Lada ", Togliatti, head - Palenova Nadezhda Petrovna, methodologist - Kuznetsova Natalya Grigorievna participated in the development and testing of classes on familiarization with the work of adults.

Distribution of material on academic year

Sample class notes

September

1. Tell us about your favorite subjects

Software content. Strengthen the ability of children to find objects of the man-made world in the environment; teach to describe the subject, naming its name, details, functions, material.
Material. Algorithm: symbols of the natural or man-made world, shape, size, parts, function, etc.

Course of the lesson

Dunno comes to visit the children. He brings with him and shows the children his favorite toy.
The teacher asks Dunno what kind of toy it is, what it is, what it has, what it is for, what it is made of and who made it. Dunno talks about his toy.
Then Dunno asks the children what their favorite subjects are. The teacher invites the children to find their favorite items in the group, bring them to Dunno and tell about them.
The teacher shows the children a hint (algorithm) for describing the object and describes his object, for example: “This is a toy car, it has a cabin, a body, four wheels; it can carry cargo; the machine is made of wood, it belongs to the man-made world. "
Children take turns describing their favorite subjects.
Game task is considered complete if all items are described correctly.
Options for making the lesson more difficult
1. Invite children to choose objects of a certain group for description: toys, dishes, furniture, clothes.
2. The child talks about his favorite subject, without naming it, and the rest of the children guess.

2. My family

Software content. Introduce the concept of "family". To give children initial ideas about family relationships: each child is simultaneously a son (daughter), grandson (granddaughter), brother (sister); mom and dad are grandparents' daughter and son. To foster a sensitive attitude towards the closest people - family members.
Material. Matryoshka with six nesting dolls, ball, basket, 3 sets of pictures (grandmother, grandfather, mom, dad, sister, brother, cat, dog, birds, fish), 3 sheets of A3 white paper, the text of S. Marshak's poem “Matryoshka », Photographs of family members of children and a teacher, one common family photograph of children and a teacher, a tablet (typesetting canvas) for placing photographs.
Preliminary work. Learning finger games "Who lives in the family", "Like grandfather Ermolai." Telling and reading fairy tales "Three Bears", "Goat with kids", "Three little pigs"; poems by A. Barto "Two sisters look at their brother." Album "How I spent my summer". Games: role-playing game "Family"; didactic games "Let's set the table for tea drinking", "Daddy's, mom's household", "Let's help mom". Conversation about how to call parents, grandmother, grandfather.

Course of the lesson

The teacher invites the children to guess the riddle, and find the answer in the group, on the shelf with toys.

In this girl-doll
The sisters are hiding.
Every sister -
For a lesser dungeon.

(Matryoshka)

She praises the guys for the correct answer, picks up a matryoshka doll. Asks if the children want to meet the guest Matryoshka.
The teacher, on behalf of Matryoshka, meets the children: “My name is Grandma Matryona. I am a wooden doll, chubby, ruddy. In a multi-colored sundress, with a lace scarf in his pocket. I came to visit not alone. With me is my husband - grandfather Anton, my two daughters Masha and Dasha and my grandchildren: Marishka, Irishka and Timoshka - a little more than a nut.
The teacher asks where the listed relatives of grandmother Matryona are. He invites the guys to look for them.
Children look for and find nesting dolls in a large nesting doll. All nesting dolls are displayed on the table.
Educator. Guys, can we say that all the nesting dolls are one big, friendly family? Why? (Children's reasoning.) Grandmother Matryona loves to play different games with her grandchildren, and used to play with her daughters when they were little. She wants to play with them and with you.
A didactic reasoning game “Who left? Who's come?"
The teacher calls actions and manipulates toys, children call the names of matryoshka dolls.
Educator. Grandma left ... (Matryona.) Came her eldest daughter… (Masha.) The eldest daughter left, her two daughters came running ... (Marishka and Irishka.) The girls ran away, the grandfather came ... (Anton.) Another daughter came to grandfather Anton ... (Dasha.) Dasha's little son came too ... (Timoshka.) Grandfather… (Anton), daughter… (Dasha) and a little granddaughter ... (Timoshka) left, and grandmother Matryona came again.
Grandmother Matryona. What kind of families do you guys have? Who is in Olya's family (Vova, Olesya, Ksyusha, Masha)? I suggest you try to compose a portrait of your family from pictures.
The game "Make a portrait of your family" is being held.
Three children take part in the game. On the carpet are A3 sheets of white paper and three sets of pictures (grandmother, grandfather, mom, dad, sister, brother, cat, dog, birds, fish). The teacher invites each child to compose a portrait of his family from pictures. The game is repeated 2-3 times.
Grandmother Matryona praises the children and says that the family is the most precious thing a person has. All family members love each other, take care of each other.
Teacher (addressing Matryona). You know, Matryonushka, our guys like to look at photographs of their family. Let's tell stories about our families. I will tell the first family story. (Puts the photo on the easel.) This photo shows my family in the summer at the dacha. Our whole family loves to grow vegetables, swim in the river, sunbathe, relax, fish. This photo shows my closest relatives: my husband and our children - a son and a daughter.
Further, children who wish to tell about their family from a photo. Grandmother Matryona puts all the photographs on an easel, praises the children for interesting stories about the family and draws attention to the fact that in all the photographs family members are smiling, they are close to each other - they feel good together.
The educator then shows the children individual photographs of their family members and asks questions:
- Who is Vanya for his mother? (Vanya is a son for mom.)
- Whose children are Vanya and Tanya? (Children of mom and dad.)
- Whose grandchildren are they? (Grandchildren of grandparents.)
- Whose mom is this? (Tanya's mom, daughters, girls.)
- Whose grandmother is this? (Tanya and Vanya's grandmother.)
- Who is Vanya's sister? (Tanya, girl.)
Grandma Matryona says that she loves her affectionate grandchildren very much and asks if the guys know how to be affectionate.
A game with the ball "Name it affectionately" is held.
Children stand in a circle. In the center of the circle there is a teacher with a ball. He throws the ball to the child and calls any member of the family, for example: "Mom" (dad, sister, brother, grandmother, grandfather). The child who caught the ball must name his mother affectionately (mommy, mommy, mommy, mother).
Further, the teacher draws the children’s attention to the little basket that grandmother Matryona brought with her: “To whom Grandma Matryona puts a basket in her palm, he must put in it good deeds that the whole family does at home.”
Children stand in a circle. The teacher walks in a circle, puts a basket on the child's palm, and he calls the good deeds of the whole family (cooking delicious food, going to the store, caring for a sick grandfather, washing dishes, washing clothes, vacuuming, walking the dog, working in the country, etc.). etc.).
Matryona thanks the guys for the full basket of good deeds that they have named. The teacher thanks grandmother Matryona, the children and concludes: “You all have mothers, fathers, grandmothers, grandfathers, someone has a brother, a sister. This is family. Family members live together, love and care for each other. Every person needs a family very much. The family can be large or small. The main thing is that family members love each other, be attentive and caring towards each other. "
In conclusion, grandmother Matryona invites her large family and all children to drink tea and cake.

October

3. Parsley goes to work

Option 1

Software content. Teach children to group objects by purpose; foster a desire to help adults.
Software content. Pictures depicting items necessary for games and for work in the garden, in the kitchen, in the apartment; three layouts: garden, kitchen, room.

Course of the lesson

The teacher shows the children a letter from Petrushka and reads it. In the letter, Petrushka says that he is visiting his grandmother. He plays, draws, walks, and also helps his grandmother. Today she gave him three tasks: plant carrots in the garden and water the flowers; cook soup; put things in order in the room (remove toys, dust, vacuum). But Petrushka got confused in the tools needed to complete the tasks, and asks the guys to help him.
The teacher shows the children models of the garden, kitchen and room and explains the task: you need to take one picture, look at it carefully, name the object, tell how it is used and for what work it is needed, and then put the picture to the corresponding model. For example, a vacuum cleaner is used to clean the carpet, it needs to be turned on and vacuumed, so a picture of the vacuum cleaner must be placed on the room layout.
The teacher draws the attention of children to the fact that among the pictures with tools there are pictures with toys. They need to be selected and put in a box. The task is considered completed if all the pictures are laid out correctly.
At the end of the game, the teacher invites the children to tell Petrushka in a letter what items he will need to complete the grandmother's tasks.

Option 2

Software content. Develop the ability to group items by purpose; improve coordination and accuracy of movements.
Material. Pictures depicting tools of labor (rake, shovel, watering can) or toy rakes, shovel, watering can; flower pot; doll Parsley; screen.

Course of the lesson

Petrushka comes to visit the children and brings pictures of tools (rake, shovel, watering can) or toy rakes, shovel, watering can and a flower pot.
Educator. Guys, look and name what Petrushka brought? (Rake, shovel, watering can, flower pot.) Why do you think Petrushka needs all this? (Parsley will work.) Does the rake belong to the natural or man-made world? (To the man-made one.) And the shovel? (To the man-made one.) And the land? (To the natural.) And the watering can? (To the man-made one.) Let's plant some plant and teach Parsley to do it. First you need to water the ground, then dig a hole, plant a plant, sprinkle with earth and water again. Now tell us what tools we used and what each item is intended for. (A watering can to water; a shovel to dig; a rake to loosen; earth, so that everything grows in it; the sun, to warm everything.)
Now draw the objects necessary for labor, and Petrushka and I will see who draws better.
Children start drawing.

Option 3

Software content. To form the ability of children to classify objects by purpose; fix the names of professions; foster interest in the work of a gardener, cook, doctor, carpenter, tailor.
Material. Pictures depicting Parsley as a gardener, cook, doctor, carpenter, tailor. Subject pictures (tools and a few extra items).

Course of the lesson

Educator. You guys already know that our friend Petrushka went to his home in a fairyland, and today he sent a letter. This is what he writes: “Hello guys! I am writing to you from afar. I really like it here. I learned a lot of interesting things about people of different professions and even wanted to work with them. Since I will not come to you soon, I am sending pictures on which the artist painted me at work. And you guys, guess who I want to work for. "
Who do you think Petrushka works for? (Shows the picture.) That's right, here he is a doctor. And who is here? (Cook.) Who depicts Parsley in this picture? (He is a gardener.) How did you guess? (He plants flowers.) In this picture, Petrushka is a tailor, he sews clothes for children and adults. He has a centimeter in his hands, with which you can find out how much fabric is needed for trousers or a skirt. Who is shown in this picture? (Joiner.)
Parsley asks you to help him choose the items he needs for his work. I will show pictures, and you will guess whether Petrushka needs this object for work or not.
If the child names the object correctly, the teacher gives him the picture. The one who has more pictures wins. The game is designed for five players.
A variant of complicating the game is possible: children who are already familiar with the game can play on their own for 1-2 people.

4. My friends

Software content. Form the concepts of "friend", "friendship". Foster friendly relationships between children, encourage them to do good deeds; teach to cooperate, empathize, show care and attention to each other.

Course of the lesson

The teacher invites children to listen to L. Kvitko's poem and tell about whom it is.

About these guys
No wonder they say:
“They are each other
They stand up like a mountain. "
There are two of them, but it seems -
A platoon is stomping
When preparation
Goes to battle.
Zhukov is being studied
Sitting by the river
And very willingly
They eat pies.
One sighs
Another will sigh.
One sneezes
The other sneezes too.
They don't fight
Almost never,
After all, a fight is not a sport
Struggle is yes.
Where is the first
There, therefore, there will be a second!
Stand for each other
Guys uphill!

Children. This is a poem about friends.
The teacher clarifies: “Who is a friend? What does it mean to be friends? " (Statements of the children.)
The teacher leads children to the conclusion: true friends are those who care about their friend or friends, help them in everything.
The teacher then invites the children to play a game that will help test the friendship. Invites two guys - friends.
An outdoor game "Cross the swamp" is held.
A “swamp” is separated on the floor (a section 3-4 meters long). The teacher gives the children two boards.
Educator. Who can cross the swamp faster without getting their feet wet? But do not forget that you are friends, and the swamp is very insidious.
Children "cross the swamp" on the boards, helping each other if necessary.
Educator. Well done! Happy is he who has a friend. I wonder if everyone has friends? Let's check.
The didactic game "Name your friends" is being held.
The teacher takes out the lotto cards with the image fairytale heroes, invites children to combine cards into groups and name fairy-tale heroes - friends:
- Cheburashka, Crocodile, Gena;
- Karabas-Barabas, Duremar;
- Buratino, Malvina, Pierrot, Arlecchino;
- Koschey, Baba Yaga, Leshy, Serpent Gorynych;
- Nif-Nif, Naf-Naf, Nuf-Nuf.
Educator. OK! Why does each hero have their own friends? What unites them? (Statements of children.) That's right - common interests, goals, hobbies. How many of you want to tell us about your friend (without calling him by name), about your hobbies, joint games? And we will guess who it is. For example: “I am friends with a boy from our group. He loves to build sand cities very much. And I always help him. Who is this?"
Children (4–5 children), if they wish, take turns talking about their friends.
Educator. What fellows you are! Everyone is fine, you smile, but do you know why? Because we were talking about friends. It is pleasant and joyful to talk about friends. Who can be called friends? (Statements of children.) How many of you have friends - raise your hand. Who would like to make a pleasant surprise for others? I suggest that you make a gift for your friend or girlfriend out of paper, plasticine, and then give your craft to a person dear to you. Our lesson is coming to an end. But friendship remains with us forever. Cherish friendship, cherish friendship - be true friends to each other.

November

5. Parsley goes to paint

Software content. Continue teaching children to group things by purpose; develop curiosity.
Material. Big picture "The clown draws"; small pictures depicting tools and materials for drawing.

Course of the lesson

Petrushka comes to visit the children, takes out a large picture "The Clown Draws" from the folder and asks the children to tell what is depicted on it.
Then Petrushka shows small pictures and asks the children to help him find tools and materials for drawing. Children select pictures with tools and materials for drawing, name objects, tell how they are used and what they are for. Pictures depicting objects that do not correspond to the task are put aside by children.
In order for Petrushka to correctly use tools and materials for drawing, the teacher invites the children to decompose the pictures into three groups:
1) tools for painting with paints;
2) tools for drawing with pencils;
3) tools for drawing with crayons.
Children explain why the items were assigned to this group. The game task is considered completed if the guys correctly classified the objects.
Then the teacher organizes the game "Find a Pair" in order to consolidate the ability to determine the purpose and function of objects. The game uses pictures depicting objects that perform the same and different functions.
Educator. Guys, last night they brought me a parcel and a letter. Want to know what it says? The letter came from children from another kindergarten. They invite us to play the game "Find a Pair" and describe it. What's in the package? Here are envelopes with pictures. Each envelope contains four pictures depicting objects. All items perform some function. What does it mean "an object performs some function"? (Answers of children.)
With the help of a teacher, children explain what they are doing with the help of this object, how it is used. The children then name the objects in the pictures and talk about their functions.
The teacher gives the children one picture at a time.
Educator. Listen to the assignment: children with pictures with objects for carrying weights will sit at the first table, children with pictures with objects for drawing will sit at the second table, children with pictures with objects for lighting the room will sit at the third table. Now pick up pictures of objects that help you learn, and then pictures of objects that help you work. Well done! Did a good job.

6. Our kindergarten is so good - you can't find a better kindergarten

Software content. Clarify the knowledge of children about kindergarten. (A large beautiful building, in which there are many cozy groups, there are two halls (music and sports), a spacious kitchen where cooks prepare food, a medical office where children are helped. The kindergarten resembles a large family where everyone takes care of each other.) To expand knowledge about people of different professions working in kindergarten.
Material. Photo: general form kindergarten, group rooms, music and sports halls, kitchen, medical office; photographs of children engaged in various activities; photographs of kindergarten workers. Whatman sheet, glue, felt-tip pens, colored paper.

Course of the lesson

The teacher asks the children if they love their kindergarten; do they like to play, study, work; how many friends they have in kindergarten.
He invites the guys to make a photomontage about kindergarten at a common stand. Draws their attention to the photographs, asks them to find a photograph of the kindergarten building among them.
Together with the children, he places a photo of the kindergarten building on a sheet of Whatman paper and pastes it.
The teacher invites the children to answer the questions and clarifies that each answer is presented in the photograph. Draws attention to the fact that after each answer they have to find the desired photo and stick it on a common stand.
In the course of the conversation with the children, the teacher sticks all the photos on a sheet of Whatman paper.
Questions for children:
- What are many things in kindergarten? (Groups, children, adults, toys, etc.)
- Are many groups good or bad?
- What is our group? (Large, bright, beautiful, cozy, etc.)
- What are the guys doing in the group? (Play with toys, read books, take care of flowers, practice, etc.)
- What premises, besides group rooms, are you familiar with? (Music and sports hall, kitchen, medical office, etc.)
- What professions do people work in kindergarten? (Educators, cooks, nurse, manager, music director, carpenter, watchman, etc.)
- What kind of work does the teacher do? Educator assistant? Cook? Washerwoman? Etc.
- What can you tell us about the educators, the cook, the medical worker, the teacher's assistant? What are they?
The teacher summarizes the answers of the children and brings them to the conclusion that the kindergarten is large, beautiful, many children attend it; people of different professions work in the kindergarten, their work is significant and important.
In the course of the conversation, a sheet of Whatman paper with photographs is drawn up with colored paper.

Dilya
Summary of the lesson on formation holistic picture peace in the middle group "Peace indoor plants»

Summary of the lesson on the Formation of a holistic picture of the world in the middle group "The world of indoor plants"

Target:

To consolidate knowledge about the classification of plants;

To acquaint children with the types of indoor plants, with their structure (stem, leaf, root, etc.)

To give an idea of ​​the importance of indoor plants for humans and the environment;

Teach proper care for indoor plants;

Arouse the desire to care for plants.

Stimulate the development of cognitive abilities;

To cultivate love for nature, for the world around.

Planned results:

Know about indoor plants, be able to care for them;

To generate interest in independent search for material.

Equipment: multimedia equipment; flowers in pots; empty pot, drainage, watering can, soil - for transplanting a flower; cluster, leaf drawings;

The course of the lesson.

I. Organizational moment

Educator: Guys, it's spring now, all nature is awakening from a long winter sleep and comes to life.

Let's say hello to spring

And hello, say, to every flower.

We'll lean towards them low

Not to rip or cut them,

And in order to admire

And show them your kindness.

III. Preparation for the perception of the topic

Guys what flowers do you know (Children name several flowers they know)

These flowers grow on the street, in squares and parks, in flower beds and in gardens. They bloom in spring and autumn, delight us with aroma, bright colors and beautiful shapes... Now guess the riddle:

They purify the air, create coziness, turn green on the windows, all year round bloom.

That's right, these are indoor plants.

Let's go to our indoor plants and consider them carefully, pay attention to their structure, you and I have arms and legs, and plants have a root, a stem (shows with the example of one plant) leaves, indoor plants are different, flowering and climbing, prickly and fluffy. Flowers and plants are not alike, they differ in shape and color, and each plant, each flower is unique in its own way.

IV. Explanation of the new topic.

(Houseplants)

What do you think houseplants are for?

Flowers in pots with signs are displayed in front of the children.

Look at our indoor flowers .. These names are very beautiful, but there are also very difficult ones. We must memorize them in order to know how to properly care for them and what benefits these plants bring.

Chlorophytum: cleans the air of bacteria and absorbs toxins. Watering is often unnecessary, but several activated charcoal tablets can be added to the soil to enhance the properties of the plant.

Dracaena: irreplaceable if the floor is covered with linoleum in the room. Dracaena absorbs benzene, which is released from synthetics, and also absorbs exhaust gases that enter the room well.

Ficus: it is better to place it near windows that overlook the road or industrial enterprises. It cleans the air well, absorbs toxins and harmful substances. In winter, it is better not to water the ficus, but to spray the leaves from a spray bottle.

Geranium: secretes substances that have soothing and anti-stress properties. Best placed in the bedroom. Geranium is very fond of the sun and a lot of water.

Cactus: reduces air ionization and protects against electromagnetic radiation. Loves the sun and water.

Aloe: Aloe juice is famous medicinal properties, it disinfects, kills germs.

Some indoor plants not only delight us with the unusual shape of the leaves, the unusual color. It is noticed that they extinguish negative emotions. These are begonia, fern and tradescantia.

In the spring, all living things begin to grow actively, so our flower in its pot has become cramped. I prepared a bigger pot for him, let's transplant him into a new pot together (he asks two boys to help, one gives a watering can, and the other a scoop for soil).

The teacher transplants the flower, commenting on all his actions. The boys water and fill the pot with soil. In our group at the window

In the green country

In painted pots

The flowers have grown.

Here is a rosean, geranium, a fat woman,

A family of prickly cacti.

We will pour them early.

Me and all my friends.

Fizminutka "Our seeds have sprung up."

Already you, seed-grain,

You lie in a furrow to the bottom (children squat down)

Don't be afraid, golden.

It's okay that it's dark there.

To the light, to the sun from the earth

You sprout quickly go! (slowly get up grow up)

Here in the spring, at an early hour,

The seeds have sprung up with us

Came out of the darkness into the sun (stretch).

Hello sun, this is us! (raise their arms above their head, wave their hands)

Small still sprout-child (put their hands down)

Just grew out of diapers (in turn, they tilt their heads in different directions).

Watch the video presentation on "Waltz of the Flowers":

The presentation clearly demonstrates how each color has its own flower, thus forming a bouquet and a rainbow of flowers (literally and figuratively).

V. Anchoring

1) The game "Third extra"

The teacher shows a card with the image of 2 indoor flowers and one garden flower, children exclude an extra flower.

3) The game "Find the owner"

The teacher shows drawings of leaves. Students must guess which plant they belong to.

4) Complete the sentence: I love houseplants because….

Vi. Generalization of knowledge

Houseplants delight us, make the room cozy, and purify the air in the room. Plants in the home are of great benefit. But you need to properly care for them. What do you think plants love? (Light and water)

Listen carefully to the leaflet on caring for houseplants.

1) Most flowers should be placed closer to the light, but avoid direct sunlight.

2) Water every day in summer, less often in winter.

3) Do not water the plants with cold water.

4) When watering, the watering can should be kept low so that the soil does not erode.

5) large smooth leaves are wiped with a damp cloth.

6) You need to loosen the soil after watering, when the soil dries out a little. Only the top layer is loosened, without touching the roots of the plant.

our lesson has come to an end, please draw your favorite houseplant at home and we will all admire your drawings together.

Abstract continuously educational activities on the implementation of the educational area "Cognitive development" (the formation of a holistic picture of the world) in the middle group of a compensating orientation.

Theme"Family" "I love my family"
Author: Rogachkova Tatyana Nikolaevna, educator of MBDOU "Combined type kindergarten No. 15", the city of Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk region.
Material description: I offer you a summary of continuous educational activities for the implementation of the educational area "Cognitive development" on the topic "Friendship". This material is suitable for the age category of children preschool age 4-5 years old. During this educational activity, children consolidate knowledge about family ties, family relationships. Learn to be kind to each other.

Target: consolidation of children's knowledge about the family.
Tasks:
1. Educational:
To expand children's ideas about the composition of the family, about family ties.
2. Developing:
Develop memory in children, logical thinking and creative imagination.
3. Educational:
Foster love and respect for your family members;
Introduce generally accepted norms and rules of conduct.
4. Speech:
Coherent speech: continue to develop dialogical speech.
Dictionary: subject - grandmother, grandpa, sister, brother, family member; high-quality - funny, caring, affectionate, gloomy; verb - to cook, dress up, repair, educate.
Grammar: continue to teach children to form new words of nouns with a diminutive suffix.
Sound culture of speech: to develop the pronunciation of words according to the norms of orthoepy of the Russian literary language.
Methods and techniques:
Practical:surprise moment- listening to a song about a family, conducting a physical minute “Who lives in our apartment”, conducting a mimic exercise “Our actions”.
Visual: examination of didactic pictures "Family".
Verbal: conducting didactic games "Name affectionately", "Who is doing what?"
Individual work: to learn to regulate their own behavior on the basis of the learned norms and rules, to show volitional efforts in situations of choice.
Materials: Audio recording of "Children's song about a family" (performed by Larisa Grigorieva. Words and music by Alexander Yermolov), pictures of families different countries the world; didactic pictures "Family".

Course of the lesson

The teacher quietly turns on the audio recording of the song "Children's Song about the Family" performed by Larisa Grigorieva. Draws the attention of children to the song, invites them to listen to it. Children listen, the teacher invites the children to sit in a circle on the chairs.
Educator: Boys and girls, did you like this song?
Children's answers (yes, I liked it).
Educator: and what is she - sad or funny?
Children's answers (she is funny).
Educator: that's right, it's a funny song. Who is she about?
Children's answers (about mom, dad, grandmother and grandfather).
Educator: right guys. How do you call everyone you have listed in one word?
Children's answers (family).
Educator: exactly! It is about the family that you and I have listened to the song now. She is very funny, because it is so wonderful when a person has a family, when close people are always there. Check out some pictures of the family.
The teacher shows pictures depicting different families, different countries of the world.
Educator: guys, look what happy families are depicted here! How did I know they were happy?
Children's answers (because they are smiling).
Educator: yes, that's right. When a person is happy, he smiles. When there is a family - mom, dad, brother or sister, grandmother and grandfather, then this is real happiness. Guys, do you love your family?
Children's answers (yes, we love).
Educator: this is very good! I have no doubt your family loves you too. Let's play with you a game called "Name it affectionately." I show you pictures, and you say who it is and how affectionately you can call family members. Deal?
Children's answers (yes, we agree!).
The game "Name it affectionately" is being held with the demonstration of didactic pictures "Family".
Daughter - daughter, daughter
Son - son, son
Daddy daddy daddy
Grandfather - grandfather, grandpa
Granny - granny, granny
Sister - little sister, little sister
Grandson - granddaughter
Granddaughter - granddaughter
Brother - little brother

Educator: good fellows, boys and girls, all named affectionately. It is immediately evident that you love your family and at home you treat relatives affectionately. And now I propose to count the members of one friendly family... This family always lives very amicably, they help each other and they are very, very big. Do you want to know about this family?
Children's answers (yes, we want).
Educator: then I suggest you stand next to me and listen to the poem carefully, look at my movements, and then all together repeat after me.

Conducting a physical minute "Who lives in our apartment?"

Fizminutka
One two three four. (Clap our hands.)
Who lives in our apartment? (We walk in place.)
One, two, three, four, five. (Jumping in place.)
I can count all of them: (We walk on the spot.)
Dad, mom, brother, sister, (Clap our hands.)
Murka the cat, two kittens, (Tilts of the body to the right and left.)
My cricket, goldfinch and me - (Turns the torso left and right.)
That's my whole family. (Clap our hands.)

Educator: did you like the game?
Children's answers (yes, I liked it!).
Educator: this is cool. I also really enjoyed playing with you! Sit down in your seats. Do you also want to play?
Educator: it is very good boys and girls that you love to play. What else do you like to do?
Children's answers (run, jump, frolic).
Educator: wow, how great! What do your family members like to do? It is very interesting to me. Let me call you family members, and you will tell me in turn what your mothers or fathers, grandmothers or grandfathers, brothers or sisters like to do. Or tell me what your family does the most.
The teacher calls mom, dad, grandmother, grandfather, brother, sister, and the children in a chain say an action that a family member likes to do or often does (mom - dresses up, reads books, works, prepares food; dad - drives a car, fixes household appliances etc.).
Educator: great guys! How much your loved ones know how and love to do! Would you like to learn another interesting game?
Children's answers (of course we want!).
Educator: Well then, let's first warm up now. Can you frown? Show how you can!
The children frown.
Educator: now let's smile!
The children are smiling.
Educator: Great! Now let's start the game. Listen carefully, I will tell you the situation in the family, and if this is a bad act, then you will frown, and if this act is very good and it will please your family, then you will smile. Deal?
Answers of children (yes, agreed).
A game of facial expressions is being played.
You have broken the cup;
You helped your mom vacuum;
You haven't removed the toys;
You hugged your grandmother;
You helped grandpa fix the TV
You took away a toy from your little brother
You gave your sister some candy.
Educator: well done, boys and girls, you know - where is a good deed, and where is not so! I hope that at home you do only good deeds - do you help the elders, give in to the younger ones?
Children's responses (yes, we only do good deeds).
Educator: what good children we have in our group! Guys, now tell me please - what is Family?
Answers of children (these are mom and dad, grandmother and grandfather, sister and brother).
Educator: right! Now I invite you to draw your loved ones some kind of drawing.
Free children drawing.

Target: To consolidate and systematize knowledge about soap (its properties and qualities, how to use it, how to protect it).

Tasks:

Educational:

Continue to teach to identify and resolve problem situations, contradictions.

To acquaint children with the properties of soap; show the variety of soap conditions in the environment. Introduce some of the properties of soap. To give an idea of ​​the role of soap in human life

Developing:

To develop figurative and associative thinking, attention, coherent monologue speech. Develop creativity, imagination in a variety of productive activities. To form the ability to paint with soap on fabric, on colored paper.

Educational:

Bring up respectful attitude to the water. Raise interest in their own discoveries through search and research activities... To foster ecological culture.

Preliminary work: Conduct experiments: when does soap-foam turn out? What happens to soapy water after immersing a sponge in it? Introduce wood ash, prepare alkaline water from it (for washing clothes, washing hands). Enrich the vocabulary with words that indicate the properties and qualities of soap. Play the game "in reverse", with soap bubbles. Read the poem "Moidodyr" by K. Chukovsky. Learn tongue twisters about soap. Paint with soap.

Material and equipment: Mailbox with soap of different color, smell and condition. An envelope with a letter. Computer with drawings of soap, bubbles, foam. Three basins for water, cloth napkins (wipe your hands); sponges; a bucket of clay; cocktail straws. Pictograms of a funny and sad face. Colored cardboard; remnants.

Methods and techniques: Use of artistic word, clarity; surprise moment; games; problematic questions for children; practical (experiences); stories of children.

Course of the lesson:

Children with a teacher enter the group. There is a box on the table - a package.

Educator: “Guys, you don't know where this strange box came from here. Look, and here is some mysterious envelope. Well, let's open it up. The teacher reads the letter. "

Take me, wash, bathe, And what I am - guess quickly. And know: it would be a big trouble, If it were not for me, but the water.

Dear, my children!

I am writing you a letter:

I ask you to wash more often

your hands and face.

It is imperative to wash

In the morning, in the evening and in the afternoon -

Before every meal

After sleep and before sleep!

Rub with a sponge and washcloth!

Be patient - it doesn't matter!

And ink and jam

Wash off the soap and water

My dear children!

Very, very much I ask you:

Wash more often, wash more often -

I can't stand a dirty trick.

I will not shake hands with dirty people,

I will not go to visit them!

I wash myself very often.

Goodbye!

Moidodyr.

Educator: “Guys! Do you want to know about the secrets of soap? Then let's go with you to the research laboratory. But first, as real scientists-researchers, we will put on special robes.

- Arisha, please turn on our computer. - Guys, what's on the screen? (Soap) - How did you guess that this is soap?

- Who will say more about soap? What is it like? (Rectangular, floral,

hard, toiletry, scented, slippery, etc.)

- Why is the soap fragrant? (it contains a floral cologne).

(Children determine what the parcel soap smells like).

- What does your toilet soap smell like?

- What other soap is there? (Liquid)

- What do they do with liquid soap? (wash hair, body, use by hairdressers, etc.) -When does the soap get slippery? (When it's wet, with water)

Look, look: soap drowns in the river and in the trough! Why is it always only where there is water?

You and I ended up in the "Land of Comparisons".

- Tell me, is the soap slippery, how is that? (like a perch fish, like an icicle, like ice, like silk, etc.)

- Who will read the tongue twister about Mila?

Mila washed Mishka with soap, Mila dropped the soap. Mila dropped the soap. I didn't wash the bear with soap.

- Why didn't Mila finish off Mishka? - Why did the soap fall? (Slippery)

What do the words “wash, wash, wash” mean; “And bustle, and bit like a wasp,“ washed ”.

- What does the phrase “lather your neck” mean (scold, scold).

- Did they tell you that? For what?

- What do you think, is it possible to lather the berries!

- Did you wash the raspberries? (Washed, but not washed). What will happen to them if the berries are soaped?

- How do you react to the advice of G. Oster:

Never wash your hands, neck or face. Hands, neck, ears and face will get dirty again. This stupid activity does not lead to anything. So why waste time, waste time?

- Is this good or bad advice? -Why harmful?

- Who's afraid of soap? (Germs, dirty, cowards).

- "What advice would you give to a dirty man?"

And the poet Ya.Akim advised this:

Fragrant soap, white, soapy. Soap looks at the dirty one with a grin. If the dirty man remembered soap, the soap would finally wash him,

- And I would say this:

Slips away like a living, But I will not let him go. Foams with white foam, Hands are not lazy to wash.

- Guys, let us wash our hands and prove that we are not dirty and not lazy!

- What do we need to wash our hands? (Water, soap). (Children come to the table with a basin for water and soap).

- We soap our hands well. Look, we now have soapy "gloves" on our hands.

- What are they? (White, black). -When are they black? (When hands are dirty). -When are they white? (When hands are clean.) -How often should you wash your hands? (As it gets dirty, before eating.)

- Who knows how to take care of soap? (Store in a soap dish on a shelf without water, on a wall with a magnet).

- Let's move on to the next table.

FIZMINUTKA.

- If you throw soap into water, what happens to it? (It sinks, gurgles, turns limp.)

- When a sponge is immersed in soapy water, what happens? (Soap bubbles rise from her.)

- Why? (There are holes with air in it).

- What particles does the soap consist of? (From soapy particles of solid and airy.)

- Guess the riddle "A lot of bars of soap - what is this?" (Shop windows; shelves in

washstand, soap dishes in the bath.)

- Do you know how people washed their faces before?

Let's move on to the next table in our lab.

FIZMINUTKA

- Before, people washed and washed themselves with lye. Wood ash was poured with boiling water and steamed in a stove. We also washed ourselves with clay, which perfectly cleans hands and body from dirt.

- Let's try to wash our hands with clay.

D / i: "I want - I do not want."(pictogram of a cheerful and sad face.)

- Look carefully. What is the mood of the first man? He tells us that he wants to wash his hands with clay. Why? (Because she is useful, she washes cleanly.) -What is the mood of the second man? You know, he told me that he doesn't like washing his hands with clay. Why? (Because it is dirty, it takes a lot of water to rinse off.)

- Guys, look, a new picture appeared on the computer screen. What is this? (Bubbles) What are they? (Soapy.)

(Children come to the next table and use straws to inflate soap

- What do they look like? What happens if you sit on them? Throw them away? Hit them? Blow on them? Why do they say: "Dreams burst like soap bubbles?" (These are pipe dreams.)

- Let's remember about our dreams that have come true and unfulfilled. -What does a soap bubble consist of? (From the shell and air.)

(Children turn to the computer screen again. There are a lot of soap bubbles - foam).

- Listen: "The soap was blowing bubbles, foam climbed to the top, and it was gone, it all disappeared."

Why did it disappear?

Where else have you seen the foam? (On the river, in the sea, near the shore, on the waves, in a jar, in a glass of juice, milk, etc.)

D / i: "What can't happen without what?" Clean - without ... soap. Soap - without ... fat. Foam - without ... water Bubbles - without ... sponge. Jokes - without ... a smile.

- Do you think soap can only be washed and washed? -What else can they do?

(Draw on fabric, paint on colored paper, fabric.)

(You can give the children remnants and offer to draw soap magic).

Reflection:

- Guys, what good fellows you are.

- Let's remember what new you learned about soap? What do you remember the most?

And now, I propose to watch a cartoon film about a girl who did not like to wash.

Watching the cartoon "Visiting the Toothbrush Queen"